Abstract
Microsporidiosis is a fungal infection that generally causes digestive disorders, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Over a 4-day period in January 2018, 3 patients with hematologic malignancies who were admitted to the hematology unit of a hospital in France received diagnoses of Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis. This unusually high incidence was investigated by sequence analysis at the internal transcribed spacer rDNA locus and then by 3 microsatellites and 1 minisatellite for multilocus genotyping. The 3 isolates had many sequence similarities and belonged to a new genotype closely related to genotype C. In addition, multilocus genotyping showed high genetic distances with all the other strains collected from epidemiologically unrelated persons; none of these strains belonged to the new genotype. These data confirm the epidemiologic link among the 3 patients and support a common source of infection.
Highlights
Microsporidiosis is a fungal infection that generally causes digestive disorders, especially in immunocompromised hosts
Description of Cluster Cases During January 1–December 31, 2018, we found 44 fecal samples obtained from 25 patients at center 1 positive for E. bieneusi
Many previous studies focused on E. bieneusi were restricted to an overall determination of its genotype and investigated only nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA region [28,29]
Summary
Microsporidiosis is a fungal infection that generally causes digestive disorders, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Over a 4-day period in January 2018, 3 patients with hematologic malignancies who were admitted to the hematology unit of a hospital in France received diagnoses of Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis. This unusually high incidence was investigated by sequence analysis at the internal transcribed spacer rDNA locus and by 3 microsatellites and 1 minisatellite for multilocus genotyping. Multilocus genotyping showed high genetic distances with all the other strains collected from epidemiologically unrelated persons; none of these strains belonged to the new genotype These data confirm the epidemiologic link among the 3 patients and support a common source of infection. MLG analyses are useful to discriminate between isolates derived from various hosts [17] and to detect mixed infections [18]
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