Genotypic Selection for Soybean Earliness

Flaviane O Ribeiro,Mariane C Bianchi,Igor O Soares,Karina B Silva,Adriano T Bruzi

doi:10.5539/jas.v12n11p169

Flaviane O Ribeiro, Mariane C Bianchi + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n11p169

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Abstract

Obtaining early-maturing soybean cultivars with high yield performance has long been the focus of breeding programs. Obtaining the estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters can assist breeders at selecting the superior genotypes. Therefore, the aim was to estimate the genetic and phenotypic parameters of progenies throughout the recurrent selection for early maturity in soybeans and to select progenies with superior agronomic traits. S0:1 progenies were evaluated in one site during the 2015/2016 harvest using a 12 &times; 12 lattice design, with one 2-meter row plot with two replicates. The S0:2 progenies were evaluated during the 2016/2017 harvest using an 8 &times; 8 lattice design, with one 3-meter row plot with three replicates. The S0:3 progenies were evaluated during the 2017/2018 harvest using a 5 &times; 5 lattice design, with two 3-meter rows plots with three replicates. Both S0:2 and S0:3 progenies were evaluated in three different sites. The days to flowering, full maturity, first pod insertion height, plant height, lodging index and grain yield traits was evaluated. The data were analyzed using a mixed model approach. The genetic and phenotypic parameters, expected gain with selection, realized heritability, correlated response and the frequency distributions of the adjusted means were estimated. The estimates of the variance components have evidenced variability among the progenies, enabling the selection of superior genotypes. All the evaluated progenies showed good agronomic performance, combining early maturity and productive performance. When early-maturing progenies were selected, there was a reduction in days to flowering, plant height, first pod insertion height, lodging and yield.

Highlights

The primary focus of the soybean-breeding programs in Brazil is to release cultivars that combine high yields and early maturity
The existence of genetic variability can be observed by the significance of the genetic variance components associated with the progenies
There was a different behavior of genotypes regarding environmental variations that can be observed by the significance of the genotype × environment interaction was significant and expressive for all the evaluated traits

Summary

Introduction

The primary focus of the soybean-breeding programs in Brazil is to release cultivars that combine high yields and early maturity. The use of early cultivars optimizes the second harvest, because soybeans are harvested earlier, and the second crop can be sown during a period of greater water availability, which helps to support better crop development. Another advantage of early cultivars is their association with reduced pathogen pressure, especially for end-of-cycle diseases, because the crop is exposed to these factors in the field for a shorter time. In view of the above information, the aim was to estimate the genetic and phenotypic parameters of the progenies from cycle 0 of the recurrent selection program for early maturity in soybeans and to select progenies with good agronomic attributes

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion