Genotypic distribution of human oncogenic papillomaviruses in sexually active women in Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions.

Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo,Ina Marie Angèle Traore,Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma,Sindimalgdé Patricia Guigma,Charlemagne Ouedraogo,Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon,Abdoul Karim Ouattara,Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah,Jacques Simpore

doi:10.1515/bmc-2020-0011

Abstract

Objective this study was conducted to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in women in the general population of three regions of Burkina Faso. Method This multicenter, descriptive cross-sectional study involved 1321 sexually active women in five cities in three regions of Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions. After collection of endocervical specimens, pre-cervical lesions were screened by visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VILI). HR-HPV genotypes were characterized by multiplex real-time PCR after extraction of viral DNA. Results The mean age of women was 31.98 ± 10.09 years. The HR-HPV infection in the three regions ranged from 26.16% to 43.26% with 35.42% as overall prevalence in women. The most common HR-HPV genotypes in descending order were: HPV 56, 52, 66, 59, 39, 51, 18, 35. The prevalence of bivalent vaccine genotypes (HPV16 / 18) was 7.83% against 63.78% of genotypes not covered by HPV vaccine; 36.32% (170/468) of women had multiple concomitant HR-HPV infections. Conclusion this study showed significant regional variation and high prevalence of HR-HPV infection in women. The predominant genotypes differ from those covered by available vaccines in Burkina Faso. These results will help guide our health policies towards better prevention of cervical cancer. The diversity of oncogenic genotypes is sparking a large-scale study in the West African sub-region, particularly in cases of cancer and the introduction of the nonavalent vaccine which includes HPV 52 found among the predominant genotypes in this study.

Highlights

Persistent genital infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been identified as the major etiologic agent associated with the development of invasive cervical cancer [1], a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women in the world [2]
The HR-HPV infection in the three regions ranged from 26.16% to 43.26% with 35.42% as overall prevalence in women
18) was 7.83% against 63.78% of genotypes not covered by HPV vaccine; 36.32% (170/468) of women had multiple concomitant HR-HPV infections

Summary

Introduction

Persistent genital infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been identified as the major etiologic agent associated with the development of invasive cervical cancer [1], a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women in the world [2]. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons. Ouedraogo et al: Genotypic distribution of human oncogenic papillomaviruses in sexually active. The economically productive age group, cancer has a negative impact on the general health of the family. In sub-Saharan Africa, invasive cancer of the cervix is the most common cancer in women [3] and the prevalence of HPV infection is 21.3% with significant regional variations, including 21.5% in West Africa [3].

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Discussion

Conclusion