Genotype × Environment Interaction and Yield Stability of Large Speckled Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes in Ethiopia Using AMMI Analysis

Meseret Tola

doi:10.7176/jnsr/12-9-03

Abstract

Common beans are grown throughout Ethiopia and an increasingly important commodity in the cropping systems of smallholder producers both for food security and income. However, happening of significant genotype X environment interaction (GEI) complicates selection of stable genotypes. Nowadays, the yield potential of common bean is underutilized due to inadequate addressing of all potential areas and mismatch between selection and production environments. Thus, 17 large speckled common bean genotypes were evaluated at three locations (Bako, Billo and Gute) for two consecutive years to estimate the magnitude of GEI effects and to identify broadly or specifically adapted genotypes during 2015 and 2016 main cropping seasons. The genotypes were arranged in Randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined ANOVA, AMMI and GGE biplot models were used to analyze the data. Both main and interaction effects were highly significant (P<0.01) and environment, genotype, and GEI explained 49.8%, 25.1% and 20.0% variations, respectively, indicating greater influence of test environments and importance of simultaneous consideration of mean performance and stability. IPCA1 and IPCA2 were highly significant (p < 0.01) and together contributed more than 89.5% variation in the GEI sum of squares. AMMI 1 biplot enabled identification of broadly adapted genotypes, G 3 (DAB-443) and G 10 (DAB-364). GGE biplot analysis suggested presence of one mega-environment and enabled identification of high seed yielding and broadly adapted genotypes (DAB-449 (G4)). DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-9-03 Publication date: May 31 st 2021

Highlights

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume in most lowland and mid-altitude areas of Ethiopia
According to CSA (2016), report red haricot bean was cultivated on 244,049.94 hectare of land and 3,804,994.5 Qt was produced with the productivity of 1.5 ton ha-1
Its fastest ripening at the critical food deficit period earlier than other crops made it an ideal food deficit filler crop

Summary

Introduction

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume in most lowland and mid-altitude areas of Ethiopia. It is produced primarily by smallholder farmers both for cash and consumption. According to CSA (2016), report red haricot bean was cultivated on 244,049.94 hectare of land and 3,804,994.5 Qt was produced with the productivity of 1.5 ton ha-1. The area covered by the crop during 2016 cropping season was 39,469.11 ha and 59788.954 tons was produced with the productivity of 1.51 tons ha-1. Its fastest ripening at the critical food deficit period earlier than other crops made it an ideal food deficit filler crop. Its reasonable protein content (22%) made it the poor man's meat securing more than 16.7 million rural people against hidden hunger (Zeleke et al, 2016)

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Results

Conclusion