Abstract
This study estimated the genotype × environment interactions for ten yield associated traits in advanced generation hybrids of several cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. and A. variabilis Eig. using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models. Tests were ran over five years at one location in replicated field trials. The AMMI model showed significant genotypic and environmental effects for all analysed traits. A majority of the hybrid lines were less stable in the analysed traits than their parental wheats. The older wheat cultivars, with lower environmental sensitivity, were the most stable. The best total genotype selection index, for all ten traits combined, was observed for the oldest cvs. Gama and Rusałka, and among the hybrid lines, for Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Smuga and Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Muza. The lines Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Smuga, Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Muza, Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Korweta, Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Begra///Smuga, and Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Begra///Turnia are recommended for inclusion in breeding programmes due to their greater stability and the good average values for the observed traits.
Highlights
The economic value of common wheat is determined by a number of factors, with the most important ones being grain yield, crop quality, and yield stability
The difficulty in achieving these goals is in part a consequence of low genetic variation within the species Triticum aestivum L. (Pilch 2011)
The results showed that genotype-by-year interactions (GYI) lead to different rankings of genotypes in different environments
Summary
I.e. the capacity to produce large grain yields, is a complex quantitative trait controlled by a vast number of genes, but breeders know only the role of simple traits, morphological, physiological and anatomical. How these traits are inherited is known (Slafer and Andrade 1993; Kato et al 1998; Peng et al 1998; Araki et al 1999; Keller et al 1999; Ahmed et al 2000; Varshney et al 2000; Li et al 2002; Hai et al 2005; Gupta et al 2006; Houshmand et al 2007; Kumar et al 2007). As in other cereals, the grain yield per land area unit depends mainly on the number of productive tillers, grain number per spike, and grain weight (Novoselovic et al 2004)
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