Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is an important and devastating rice disease caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo). In particular, in recent years, the occurrence of abnormal climate and warming phenomena has produced a good environment for the occurrence of BLB, and the rice yield due to the occurrence of BLB continues to decrease. Currently, molecular breeding is applied by searching for resistant genes to development of BLB resistance cultivar. In addition, there are many methods for screening resistant genes, and among them, phenotype analysis in the field and applied research is rarely conducted. Due to recent rapid climate change, BLB is a major problem that has a more serious negative effect on rice yield. Therefore, we suggest OsWRKYq6 to be effectively used for breeding BLB-resistant cultivars by screening BLB-resistant genes. In this study, the BLB-resistant gene was screened using the lesion length, which most definitely changes to the phenotype when Xoo is infected. OsWRKYq6 was finally selected as a BLB resistance gene by analyzing the phenotype and genotype after inoculating Xoo in 120 Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid (CNDH) lines in the field. After Xoo inoculation, lesion length and yield were investigated, and 120 CNDH lines were divided from BLB-resistant and susceptible lines. Moreover, when the transcription level of OsWRKYq6 was analyzed in the resistant and susceptible lines after Xoo inoculation in the field, the expression level was regulated to a high level in the resistant line. In this study, we propose OsWRKYq6 as a transcription factor involved in BLB resistance. Currently, the differentiation of various races is proceeding rapidly due to rapid climate change. In addition, screening of transcription factor genes involved in BLB resistance in the field can be effectively applied to molecular breeding to develop resistant cultivars in preparation for rapid climate change.
Highlights
FAO assesses that globally, 45 countries, 34 of which are in Africa, continue to be in need of external assistance for food
Previous reports show that 25% of the annual yield loss is caused by diseases and insects, such as stem borer insects that are most destructive, whereas rice blast caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae and bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) are two of the most dangerous and common diseases in rice production [5]
The lesion length of each inoculated leaf was calculated after 14 days when the lesion length became prominent, and the data were recorded for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis
Summary
FAO assesses that globally, 45 countries, 34 of which are in Africa, continue to be in need of external assistance for food. World rice production in 2020 is predicted to reach an all-time high of 508.4 million tons, 1.5 percent above the 2019 reduced level but marginally down from the previous month’s expectations. World rice stocks at the close of 2020/21 are pegged at 181.0 million tons, down. 0.4 percent from their opening levels and 1.0 million tons below last month’s expectations. Rice is cultivated in almost all over the world due to its adaptable nature under various environmental conditions and is regarded as a strategic crop for food security [4]. Previous reports show that 25% of the annual yield loss is caused by diseases and insects, such as stem borer insects that are most destructive, whereas rice blast caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae and bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Previous reports show that 25% of the annual yield loss is caused by diseases and insects, such as stem borer insects that are most destructive, whereas rice blast caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae and bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) are two of the most dangerous and common diseases in rice production [5]
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