GENOTOXICITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF X-RAYS IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY.

Evelyn Louise Antonio,Maria Suely Soares Leonart,Aguinaldo José Do Nascimento,Ângela Fernandes,Antonio Adilson Soares De Lima

doi:10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;3;00010

Evelyn Louise Antonio, Maria Suely Soares Leonart + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;3;00010

Copy DOI

Abstract

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity produced by X-rays in the epithelium of the oral mucosa of infants exposed to panoramic radiography.Methods: The sample consisted of 30 healthy children, 19 females and 11 males, ranging in age from 4 to 10 years (average of 7 years of age). Oral mucosa cells were collected by liquid-based cytology immediately before and after seven days following the exposure to panoramic radiography. Smears were processed and stained using the modified Feulgen Rossenbeck technique. Bud and broken egg nuclear projections, changes in the form of micronuclei, and genotoxic and cytotoxic changes of pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis were analyzed and quantified.Results: The frequency of pyknosis, buds and broken eggs was significantly higher after exposure to X-rays (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference regarding gender, as well as in the other changes studied.Conclusions: Exposure to X-rays emitted during submission to panoramic radiography may induce cell death in the epithelium of children’s oral mucosa. No evidence was found for a significant genotoxic effect.

Highlights

Ionizing radiation can induce cytotoxicity,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] genotoxicity[4] and carcinogenesis[10,11] in human tissues
Studies on the genotoxic effects induced by X-rays in the epithelium are important in order to identify the risk of cancer development and to act in its prevention,[17] since the biomonitoring of the patients by means of exfolia‐ tive cytology allows the possibility of verifying and accompa‐ nying the presence of cellular atypia before the occurrence of neoplastic clinical manifestations
Oral mucosa cells were obtained from 30 healthy children — 11 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 4 to 10 years — with an average of 7 years of age, who were referred by the pediatric dentistry clinic of Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) to perform panoramic radiography

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Ionizing radiation can induce cytotoxicity,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] genotoxicity[4] and carcinogenesis[10,11] in human tissues. Some studies report that children may be more susceptible to the harmful effects of X-rays when compared to adults.[14,15,16]. Genetic alterations, such as micronuclei formations and nuclear aberrations, are initial biological effects of carcino‐ genesis.[2] studies on the genotoxic effects induced by X-rays in the epithelium are important in order to identify the risk of cancer development and to act in its prevention,[17] since the biomonitoring of the patients by means of exfolia‐ tive cytology allows the possibility of verifying and accompa‐ nying the presence of cellular atypia before the occurrence of neoplastic clinical manifestations. This study aimed to verify if the X-rays emitted during the panoramic radiography can induce the increase in fre‐ quency of micronucleus, picnosis, karyorrhexis, karyoly‐ sis, bud and broken egg in the oral mucosa epithelium of children

METHOD

RESULTS

DISCUSSION