Genoprotective effects of probiotics

Abstract

Xenobiotic pollution is one of the most pressing contemporary problems. New chemicals in the composition of air, water, and food enter the human body. They enter into biochemical reactions and have a negative effect on metabolism and physiological processes due to activated lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. This article presents data on the gene protective performance of probiotics. There were probiotics under study, i.e., a bacillary probiotic Bacillus subtilis 534; a preparation, containing lyophilized probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Enterococcus faecium); and a probiotic, containing Bifidobacterium longum and Enterococcus faecium. The preparations’ ability to suppress genotoxicity caused by oxidative stress was evaluated by the biosensor bacteria’s ability to reduce the DNA damage caused by an endogenous generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) – dioxidine. To detect DNA damage in a cell, E. coli MG1655 biosensors with pRecA and pColD promoters were applied. The studied probiotics have been established to have varying degrees of antigenotoxic activity. A multicomponent probiotic, containing lyophilized probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Enterococcus faecium), showed the best protective performance (51.73%). The minimal protective effect was observed in the bacillary probiotic Bacillus subtilis 534. The multicomponent complex of lyophilized probiotic bacteria has been revealed to exhibit activity that enhances the dioxin’s genotoxicity that is expressed in stimulating the induction of biosensor strains luminescence. This activity can be considered as a prooxidant effect. The study results may be considered in selection of probiotic components as functional ingredients with antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties in the food industry.