Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive cancer of the mesothelial cells lining the pleural surface of the chest wall and lung. The etiology of MPM is strongly associated with prior exposure to asbestos fibers, and the median survival rate of the diagnosed patients is approximately one year. Despite the latest advancements in surgical techniques and systemic therapies, currently available treatment modalities of MPM fail to provide long-term survival. The increasing incidence of MPM highlights the need for finding effective treatments. Targeted therapies offer personalized treatments in many cancers. However, targeted therapy in MPM is not recommended by clinical guidelines mainly because of poor target definition. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms and the predictors of poor clinical outcomes of MPM is required to identify novel targets and develop precise and effective treatments. Recent advances in the genomics and functional genomics fields have provided groundbreaking insights into the genomic and molecular profiles of MPM and enabled the functional characterization of the genetic alterations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant literature and highlights the potential of state-of-the-art genomics and functional genomics research to facilitate the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutic modalities in MPM.
Highlights
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is the cancer of the mesothelial cells of the pleura, the protective lining of the chest cavity
The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances and significant contributions made by the researchers in the field of MPM research, in particular the next-generation and high throughput genomics and functional genomics studies
The findings of this study suggest that ZEB1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target in MPM [177]
Summary
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is the cancer of the mesothelial cells of the pleura, the protective lining of the chest cavity. Targeted therapy is not yet available for this deadly disease, even though several molecular pathways implicated in MPM have been identified to date. Of note, these pathways include cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, growth factor pathways, and angiogenesis [15]. Interrogation of the functional significance of aberrations in cellular processes and signaling pathways is critical for the identification of novel molecular drivers, key vulnerabilities, and synthetic lethal interactions These comprehensive molecular studies may, in turn, lead to the development of effective targeted therapy strategies.
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