Abstract
BackgroundWheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici), is a major disease that causes huge yield damage. New pathogen races appeared in the last few years and caused a broke down in the resistant genotypes. In Egypt, some of the resistant genotypes began to be susceptible to stripe rust in recent years. This situation increases the need to produce new genotypes with durable resistance. Besides, looking for a new resistant source from the available wheat genotypes all over the world help in enhancing the breeding programs.ResultsIn the recent study, a set of 103-spring wheat genotypes from different fourteen countries were evaluated to their field resistant to stripe rust for two years. These genotypes included 17 Egyptian genotypes from the old and new cultivars. The 103-spring wheat genotypes were reported to be well adapted to the Egyptian environmental conditions. Out of the tested genotypes, eight genotypes from four different countries were found to be resistant in both years. Genotyping was carried out using genotyping-by-sequencing and a set of 26,703 SNPs were used in the genome-wide association study. Five SNP markers, located on chromosomes 2A and 4A, were found to be significantly associated with the resistance in both years. Three gene models associated with disease resistance and underlying these significant SNPs were identified. One immune Iranian genotype, with the highest number of different alleles from the most resistant Egyptian genotypes, was detected.Conclusionthe high variation among the tested genotypes in their resistance to the Egyptian stripe rust race confirming the possible improvement of stripe rust resistance in the Egyptian wheat genotypes. The identified five SNP markers are stable and could be used in marker-assisted selection after validation in different genetic backgrounds. Crossing between the immune Iranian genotype and the Egyptian genotypes will improve stripe rust resistance in Egypt.
Highlights
IntroductionWheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici), is a major disease that causes huge yield damage
The objectives of this study were to (1) understand the stripe rust resistance in Egyptian wheat and wheat genotypes collected from different countries all over the world, (2) identify allele markers associated with the resistance to stripe rust Egyptian race, and (3) select the best genotypes to be used in future breeding programs to improve wheat resistant to stripe rust
The identified significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) could be a reliable source for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection for stripe rust resistance after validating them in a different genetic background
Summary
Wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici), is a major disease that causes huge yield damage. In Egypt, some of the resistant genotypes began to be susceptible to stripe rust in recent years. This situation increases the need to produce new genotypes with durable resistance. Tritici), known as yellow rust, is one of the most devastating wheat diseases in the world It can cause losses in yield from 10 to 100% [1]. New stripe rust races appeared around the year 2000, spread rapidly, and caused significant yield losses [2, 3]. These new races are more aggressive and tolerant to high temperatures than previous races [4].
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