Abstract
Flavobacterium psychrophilum is a devastating bacterial pathogen of salmonids reared in freshwater worldwide. So far, serological diversity between isolates has been described but the underlying molecular factors remain unknown. By combining complete genome sequence analysis and the serotyping method proposed by Lorenzen and Olesen (1997) for a set of 34 strains, we identified key molecular determinants of the serotypes. This knowledge allowed us to develop a robust multiplex PCR-based serotyping scheme, which was applied to 244 bacterial isolates. The results revealed a striking association between PCR-serotype and fish host species and illustrate the use of this approach as a simple and cost-effective method for the determination of F. psychrophilum serogroups. PCR-based serotyping could be a useful tool in a range of applications such as disease surveillance, selection of salmonids for bacterial coldwater disease resistance and future vaccine formulation.
Highlights
Salmonids represent one of the most important fish groups in the aquaculture industry (FAO, 2016)
Flavobacterium psychrophilum, a bacterium belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae, is considered one of the most important bacterial pathogens in freshwater salmonid aquaculture worldwide (Nematollahi et al, 2003)
Flavobacterium psychrophilum Multiplex PCR-Based Serotyping Scheme coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are susceptible to rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) and bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD), as well as ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis), a fish related to salmonids
Summary
Salmonids represent one of the most important fish groups in the aquaculture industry (FAO, 2016). Flavobacterium psychrophilum, a bacterium belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae, is considered one of the most important bacterial pathogens in freshwater salmonid aquaculture worldwide (Nematollahi et al, 2003). Flavobacterium psychrophilum Multiplex PCR-Based Serotyping Scheme coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are susceptible to RTFS and BCWD, as well as ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis), a fish related to salmonids. These infections are associated with skin ulcers, necrotic myositis, septicemia as well as exophthalmia (Nematollahi et al, 2003). The correlation between these different schemes (Madsen and Dalsgaard, 2000; Madetoja et al, 2001; Ngo et al, 2017) and the impact of the different types on the onset and severity of the infection remain poorly understood
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