Abstract

Panax notoginseng (Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen), a plant of high medicinal value, is severely affected by root rot during cultivation. Here, we generated a reference genome of P. notoginseng, with a contig N50 size of 241.268 kb, and identified 66 disease-resistance genes (R-genes) as candidate genes for breeding disease-resistant varieties. We then investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the responses of resistant and susceptible P. notoginseng genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum infection at six time points by RNA-seq. Functional analysis of the genes differentially expressed between the two genotypes indicated that genes involved in the defense response biological process like hormone transduction and plant-pathogen interaction are continuously and highly expressed in resistant genotype during infection. Moreover, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels gradually increased during infection in the resistant genotype. Coexpression analysis showed that PnWRKY22 acts as a hub gene in the defense response of the resistant genotype. Finally, transiently overexpressing PnWRKY22 increased salicylic acid levels in P. notoginseng leaves. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for studying root rot resistance in P. notoginseng.

Highlights

  • The Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in ZC were enriched in the metabolic process (Supplementary Figures 3, 6). These results indicate that response to stimulus, hormone signal transduction, and transcriptional regulation play critical roles in the defense response of P. notoginseng and that Miaoxiangkangqi 1” (MK) has a clear advantage in these processes

  • Root rot seriously affects the cultivation of P. notoginseng, but the molecular mechanisms underlying P. notoginseng defense against root rot are poorly understood

  • We previously determined that F. oxysporum is one of the pathogens responsible for root rot in P. notoginseng and bred MK, a resistant genotype (Dong et al, 2016, 2017; Chen Z. et al, 2017)

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Summary

Introduction

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal plant in the Araliaceae family that has been used to stop bleeding, reduce swelling, and alleviate pain in China since ancient times. Chen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal plant in the Araliaceae family that has been used to stop bleeding, reduce swelling, and alleviate pain in China since ancient times This plant has proven to be useful for treating diseases of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system and is widely used as a medicine and health-care product (Wei et al, 2020). Fusarium oxysporum is one of the pathogens of P. notoginseng root rot (Dong et al, 2016; Yin et al, 2018; Ma et al, 2019). Root rot in P. notoginseng is generally controlled with fungicides, which can cause environmental pollution and leave pesticide residues.

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