Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) form the most important resistance determinants prevalent worldwide. Data on ESBL-producing Escherichia coli from poultry and livestock are scarce in India. We present data on the functional and genomic characterization of ESBL-producing E. coli obtained from poultry in India. The whole genome sequences of 28 ESBL-producing E. coli were analyzed comprising of 12 broiler chicken E. coli isolates, 11 free-range chicken E. coli isolates, and 5 human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. All of the 28 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibilities, in vitro conjugation, and virulence-associated phenotypic characteristics. A total of 13 sequence types were identified from the poultry E. coli, which included globally successful sequence types such as ST117 (9%), ST131 (4.3%), and ST10 (4.3%). The most common ESBL gene detected in poultry E. coli genomes was blaCTX-M-15 (17%). Also, FIB (73%) and FII (73%) were the most common plasmid replicons identified. Conjugation experiments demonstrated 54 (7/13), 30 (3/10), and 40% (2/5) of broiler, free-range, and human ExPEC E. coli to be able to transfer their ESBL genes, respectively. The in vitro virulence-associated phenotypic tests revealed the broiler, free-range, and human ExPEC isolates to be comparable in biofilm formation, resistance to serum bactericidal activity, adherence, and invasion capabilities. Our overall results showed prevalence of virulence phenotypes among the diverse ESBL-producing E. coli from poultry; while certain E. coli clones from broiler-poultry may indeed have the potential to cause infection in humans.
Highlights
IntroductionEnterobacteriaceae have become a serious problem worldwide adversely impacting the treatment of infectious diseases
Extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producingEnterobacteriaceae have become a serious problem worldwide adversely impacting the treatment of infectious diseases (Miyoshi-Akiyama et al, 2016)
A total of 28 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were analyzed in this study that included; 23 ESBL E. coli isolates that were randomly selected comprising of free-range E. coli and broiler E. coli, which were a part of an earlier described collection of 168 poultry E. coli from retail chicken meat and carcass isolated from three cities representing three states in India during February 2015 – September 2015 (Hussain et al, 2017)
Summary
Enterobacteriaceae have become a serious problem worldwide adversely impacting the treatment of infectious diseases Infections with ESBL-producing Escherichia coli are associated with a range of conditions resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs (Tumbarello et al, 2010). The prevalence of E. coli resistant to extendedspectrum-β-lactam antibiotics is highest among developing countries (Byarugaba, 2004). In India, high levels of cephalosporin resistance have been reported (16–95%) in E. coli following extensive use of ceftriaxone (Miyoshi-Akiyama et al, 2016). ESBLs are beta-lactamases that confer resistance to penicillins, third-generation cephalosporins, and monobactams Restricted treatment options due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant phenotypes in ESBL-producing bacteria have led to increased dependence on and subsequent increase in the prevalence of E. coli resistant to last-line antibiotics such as carbapenems (Ranjan et al, 2016)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
