Abstract
Anaplasma marginale is a vector-borne pathogen that causes a disease known as anaplasmosis. No sequenced genomes of Brazilian strains are yet available. The aim of this work was to compare whole genomes of Brazilian strains of A. marginale (Palmeira and Jaboticabal) with genomes of strains from other regions (USA and Australia strains). Genome sequencing of Brazilian strains was performed by means of next-generation sequencing. Reads were mapped using the genome of the Florida strain of A. marginale as a reference sequence. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (INDELs) were identified. The data showed that two Brazilian strains grouped together in one particular clade, which grouped in a larger American group together with North American strains. Moreover, some important differences in surface proteins between the two Brazilian isolates can be discerned. These results shed light on the evolutionary history of A. marginale and provide the first genome information on South American isolates. Assessing the genome sequences of strains from different regions is essential for increasing knowledge of the pan-genome of this bacteria.
Highlights
Anaplasma marginale is an obligate intracellular, vector-borne pathogen belonging to the order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae, which causes a disease known as anaplasmosis
Members of the order Rickettsiales are small, obligate intracellular bacteria (Dumler et al, 2001) that typically have small genomes, which is attributed to reductive evolution following long-term intracellular parasitism (Andersson et al, 1998; Brayton et al, 2005; Ogata et al, 2001; Wu et al, 2004)
The Palmeira and Jaboticabal strains were aligned using the genome sequence of the Florida strain to produce single contiguous pseudochromosomes of 1,195,100 and 1,195,221 nucleotides, respectively (Figure 1)
Summary
Anaplasma marginale is an obligate intracellular, vector-borne pathogen belonging to the order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae, which causes a disease known as anaplasmosis. Previous research reported differences in virulence among A. marginale strains (da Silva et al, 2016; Machado et al, 2015; Silva et al, 2015), which indicates that there is a need for better understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved in A. marginale infection and the pathogenesis of anaplasmosis. The first genome of A. marginale was published in 2005 and showed that the surface coat is composed by many surface proteins, which includes, in addition to several outer membrane proteins, two gene families encoding immunodominant proteins, the major surface protein 1 (msp1) and major surface protein 2 (msp2) superfamilies. Out of the 949 annotated coding sequences, just 62 are predicted to be outer membrane proteins and, of these, 49 belong to one of these two superfamilies
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Schedule a callMore From: Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria
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