Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is frequently isolated from active lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. We reported that 17%-22% of S. aureus isolated from AD patients produced a novel superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin Y (SEY). Unlike many S. aureus superantigens that activate T cells via T-cell receptor (TCR) Vß, SEY activates T cells via TCR Vα and stimulates cytokine secretion. Staphylococcus argenteus was isolated from AD patients during the surveillance for S. aureus. Phylogenetic comparison of the genome indicated that the isolate was very similar to S. aureus causing skin infections. The isolate encoded a SEY-like protein, designated SargEY, which, like SEY, activated T cells via the TCR Vα. ST2250 is the only lineage positive for SargEY gene. ST2250 S. argenteus harboring a superantigen SargEY gene may be a novel staphylococcal clone that infects human skin and is involved in the exacerbation of AD.
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