Abstract
Plants regulate responses to salt stress using biological pathways, such as signal perception and transduction, photosynthesis, and energy metabolism. Little is known about the genetics of salt tolerance in Rosa chinensis. Tineke and Hiogi are salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive varieties of R. chinensis, respectively, and are good choices for studying salt-tolerance genes. We studied leaf and root tissues from 1-year-old Hiogi and Tineke plants simultaneously grown under the same conditions. A 0.4%-mmol/L salt ion mixture was added to the basic growth medium. Illumina sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed transcripts. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed genes. We identified many differentially expressed genes associated with salt tolerance. The abscisic acid-dependent signaling pathway was the main pathway that mediated the salt stress response in R. chinensis. Two pathways (plant hormone signal transduction and glutathione metabolism) were also active in salt stress responses in R. chinensis. The difference in salt tolerance in the cultivars was due to different gene sensitivity to salt in these two pathways. Roots also play a role in salt stress response. The effects of salt stress in the roots are eventually manifested in the leaves, causing changes in processes such as photosynthesis, which eventually result in leaf wilting. In Tineke, Snrk2, ABF, HSP, GSTs, and GSH1 showed high activity during salt stress, indicating that these genes are markers of salt tolerance.
Highlights
IntroductionThe funder had no role in study design, data collection and Environmental stresses or abiotic factors, such as salinity, drought, heavy metals, and low temperature, often have a strong influence on plant survival and development
The changes of water content in this study indicated that Tineke can control the loss of water better than Hiogi, which was is consistent with the salt tolerance characteristics of Tineke
GSH1 is a key gene in the production of glutathione synthetase, but no studies have reported that GSH1 is related to salt tolerance in plants
Summary
The funder had no role in study design, data collection and Environmental stresses or abiotic factors, such as salinity, drought, heavy metals, and low temperature, often have a strong influence on plant survival and development. Plants have complex adaptive responses to abiotic stresses [1]. In their adaptation to salt stress, plants regulate many biological pathways, such as signal perception and transduction, photosynthesis, and energy metabolism [2]. Research on salt and drought has identified many stress-inducible regulators, including the upregulation of aquaporins, catalase, peroxidase and proline (PRO).
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