Abstract
Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a bipartite Geminivirus, which causes severe yield loss in soybean (Glycine max). Considering this, the present study was conducted to develop large-scale genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and identify potential markers linked with known disease resistance loci for their effective use in genomics-assisted breeding to impart durable MYMIV tolerance. The whole-genome re-sequencing of MYMIV resistant cultivar ‘UPSM-534’ and susceptible Indian cultivar ‘JS-335’ was performed to identify high-quality SNPs and InDels (insertion and deletions). Approximately 234 and 255 million of 100-bp paired-end reads were generated from UPSM-534 and JS-335, respectively, which provided ~98% coverage of reference soybean genome. A total of 3083987 SNPs (1559556 in UPSM-534 and 1524431 in JS-335) and 562858 InDels (281958 in UPSM-534 and 280900 in JS-335) were identified. Of these, 1514 SNPs were found to be present in 564 candidate disease resistance genes. Among these, 829 non-synonymous and 671 synonymous SNPs were detected in 266 and 286 defence-related genes, respectively. Noteworthy, a non-synonymous SNP (in chromosome 18, named 18-1861613) at the 149th base-pair of LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE gene responsible for a G/C transversion [proline (CCC) to alanine(GCC)] was identified and validated in a set of 12 soybean cultivars. Taken together, the present study generated a large-scale genomic resource such as, SNPs and InDels at a genome-wide scale that will facilitate the dissection of various complex traits through construction of high-density linkage maps and fine mapping. In the present scenario, these markers can be effectively used to design high-density SNP arrays for their large-scale validation and high-throughput genotyping in diverse natural and mapping populations, which could accelerate genomics-assisted MYMIV disease resistance breeding in soybean.
Highlights
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus is one of the most destructive as well as widely distributed plant pathogenic viruses belonging to the family Geminiviridae
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and InDels were generated in large-scale by re-sequencing two soybean cultivars with contrasting tolerance characteristics to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) infection
In addition to the usefulness of these resources in genomics-assisted breeding for MYMIV resistance, the present study will facilitate the dissection of complex traits through construction of highdensity linkage map and fine mapping
Summary
This virus causes yellow mosaic disease in legumes and in India, the yields of several legume crops including blackgram (Vigna mungo), mungbean (Vigna radiata), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and soybean (Glycine max) are challenged by Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV). MYMIV is transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and possesses bipartite, single stranded, circular DNA genome referred as DNA A and DNA B [4]. Both the genomes are of 2.5–2.7 kb in size and encode necessary components for replication, movement and symptom development [5,6]. It is imperative to generate elite soybean varieties with durable tolerance to MYMIV, either through molecular breeding or transgene-based approaches
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