Abstract
Abstract. In a previous study, genome-wide mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for five body composition traits, three bone mineral traits and live weight was performed using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data. Since QTL for bone mineral traits were rare, the current study aimed to clarify whether the mapping results were influenced by the analysed body regions. Thus, the same material (551 pigs) and methods as in the whole-body QTL mapping study were used. However, for evaluation of the DXA scans, we manually defined two body regions: (i) from the last ribs to the pelvis (A) and (ii) including the pelvis and the hind limbs (P). Since live weight was not affected by the regional analysis, it was omitted from the QTL mapping design. Our results show an overall high consistency of mapping results especially for body composition traits. Two thirds of the initial whole-body QTL are significant for both A and P. Possible causes for the still low number of bone mineral QTL and the lower consistency found for these traits are discussed. For body composition traits, the data presented here show high genome-wide Pearson correlations between mapping results that are based on DXA scans with the time-saving whole-body standard setting and mapping results for DXA data that were obtained by time-consuming manual definition of the regions of interest. However, our results also suggest that whole-body or regional DXA scans might generally be less suitable for mapping of bone mineral traits in pigs. An analysis of single reference bones could be more useful.
Highlights
In a previous study, whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data were used to perform a genome-wide mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the following nine traits: fat mass, fat percentage (Fat, FatPC), soft lean tissue mass, soft lean tissue percentage (Lean, LeanPC), live weight (Weight), soft tissue X-ray attenuation coefficient (R), bone mineral content, bone mineral percentage (BMC, BMCPC), and bone mineral density (BMD) (Rothammer et al, 2014)
Since it has been extensively shown that both weight and obesity correlate with bone metabolism in humans, associations of QTL with bone mineral traits could be indirectly caused by associations of these loci with body composition traits
64 QTL were detected for traits that were investigated in the current study
Summary
Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data were used to perform a genome-wide mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the following nine traits: fat mass, fat percentage (Fat, FatPC), soft lean tissue mass, soft lean tissue percentage (Lean, LeanPC), live weight (Weight), soft tissue X-ray attenuation coefficient (R), bone mineral content, bone mineral percentage (BMC, BMCPC), and bone mineral density (BMD) (Rothammer et al, 2014). 72 QTL were mapped and promising candidate genes (e.g. ZNF608) could be identified. From these 72 QTL, only seven QTL were associated with bone mineral traits (two for BMC and BMD, another five for only BMC and none at all for BMCPC). The number of real bone mineral QTL would be reduced even more. This would be an unexpected result for two reasons: in humans, bone mineral traits were found to be strongly influenced by genetic aspects according to observations in families and twins
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