Abstract
Elite parental lines are of great significance to crop breeding. To discover unique genomic loci associated with excellent economic traits in the elite cabbage inbred-line ‘01–20’, we performed comparisons of phenotypes as well as whole-genome insertion-deletion/simple sequence repeat loci between ‘01–20’ and each of its five sister lines. ‘01–20’ has a range of excellent agronomic traits, including early-maturing, and improvements in plant type and leaf colour. Eight unique loci were discovered for ‘01–20’ and ‘01-07-258’, another elite line similar to ‘01–20’ at the whole-genome level. In addition, two excellent double-haploid lines derived from a cross of ‘01–20’ also inherited these loci. Based on the quantitative trait locus association results, five of these loci were found to be associated with important agronomic traits, which could explain why the elite parent ‘01–20’ possesses greener outer leaves, a more compact and upright plant-type, rounder head, shorter core length, and better taste. Additionally, some of these loci have clustering effects for quantitative trait loci associated with different traits; therefore, important genes in these regions were analysed. The obtained results should enable marker-assisted multi-trait selection at the whole-genome level in cabbage breeding and provide insights into significant genome loci and their breeding effects.
Highlights
Increase 1000-kernel weight, while alleles of chromosome 5H from the landrace ‘SBCC073’ contribute to early vigour, higher grain yield and earlier flowering[6]
‘01–20’, the elite line used in this study has generated as many as 10 varieties, having a spring cabbage market share of over 70%
The elite female parent line ‘Zhenshan’ contributed to a number of widely used rice cultivars in China[16]. They are good materials for studying the genetic effects of significant genomic loci associated with excellent traits, which in turn provide the basis for breeding programs[17]
Summary
Increase 1000-kernel weight, while alleles of chromosome 5H from the landrace ‘SBCC073’ contribute to early vigour, higher grain yield and earlier flowering[6]. Few studies on elite parental lines have been reported in vegetable crops. We reported, and performed a pedigree analysis, on the elite inbred line ‘01–20’7. We bred this line, together with its five sister lines ‘01-07-258’, ‘01-07-251’, ‘01-1-4’, ‘01–88’ and ‘01-16-5’, through a systemic selection from the variety ‘Early Vikings’ introduced into China from Canada. Why did ‘01–20’ become an elite parental line, while its sister lines did not? We analysed and compared ‘01–20’ and its five sister lines, as well as two excellent double-haploid (DH) lines derived from ‘01–20’, at the phenotypic and genomic levels, with the objective of identifying the ‘01–20’s distinctive genomic loci associated with excellent agronomic traits Why did ‘01–20’ become an elite parental line, while its sister lines did not? To answer this question, we analysed and compared ‘01–20’ and its five sister lines, as well as two excellent double-haploid (DH) lines derived from ‘01–20’, at the phenotypic and genomic levels, with the objective of identifying the ‘01–20’s distinctive genomic loci associated with excellent agronomic traits
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