Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) play multifaceted roles in plants, particularly with respect to signaling processes associated with abiotic stress signaling and during host-pathogen interactions. Despite key roles during plant survival and response to environment, little is known about the activity and function of CNGC family in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a key stable food around the globe. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of CNGC family in wheat and identified a total 47 TaCNGCs in wheat, classifying these genes into four major groups (I–IV) with two sub-groups (IVa and IVb). Sequence analysis revealed the presence of several conserved motifs, including a phosphate binding cassette (PBC) and a “hinge” region, both of which have been hypothesized to be critical for the function of wheat CNGCs. During wheat infection with Pst, the transcript levels of TaCNGC14 and TaCNGC16, both members of group IVb, showed significant induction during a compatible interaction, while a reduction in gene expression was observed in incompatible interactions. In addition, TaCNGC14 and TaCNGC16 mRNA accumulation was significantly influenced by exogenously applied hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA), suggesting a role in hormone signaling and/or perception. Silencing of TaCNGC14 and TaCNGC16 limited Pst growth and increased wheat resistance against Pst. The results presented herein contribute to our understanding of the wheat CNGC gene family and the mechanism of TaCNGCs signaling during wheat-Pst interaction.
Highlights
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is an important secondary messenger in modulating multiple signaling pathways
Our results revealed that the wheat genome contains 47 cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) genes, and through a comprehensive analysis of this family, we dissected the role of CNGC in wheat resistance signaling between wheat-Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) interaction
Our results suggest that TaCNGC14 maybe participate in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signaling pathway in wheat resistance to Pst, and TaCNGC16 may be involved in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signaling pathway in wheat-Pst interaction
Summary
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is an important secondary messenger in modulating multiple signaling pathways. Several cation cannels have been reported to mediate Ca2+ accumulation in the cytosol including cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) (Chin et al, 2009; Ma et al, 2009). Plants use CNGCs for a variety of roles in signal transduction (Talke et al, 2003). CNGCs are cation channels, which are composed of hexa-transmembrane (TM) domains, calmodulin binding domain (CAMB), and cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD) (Chin et al, 2009; Ma et al, 2009; Zelman et al, 2012; Defalco et al, 2016a). CNBD is the most conserved region found within CNGC proteins, and contains a phosphate binding cassette (PBC) motif and a “hinge” region. PBC binds to the cNMP ligand by catching the sugar and phosphate moieties (Cukkemane et al, 2011), and the hinge region contributes to ligand binding efficacy and selectivity (Young and Krougliak, 2004)
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