Genome-wide identification, classification and expression pattern of LBD gene family in Camellia sinensis

Abstract

The plant-specific LBD (LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN) genes belong to a major family of transcription factors that encode a zinc finger-like domain. This family plays crucial roles in plant development, including lateral organ development, pathogen response, pollen development, plant regeneration and hormone response. However, there is no detailed information of LBD genes in the tea plant. Tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is a perennial evergreen woody crop that is cultivated worldwide. Tea leaves are used as a non-alcoholic beverage, which is known for its beneficial ingredients and multiple flavours. In this study, a total of 31 CsLBD genes were identified and characterized based on the genome of C. sinensis. CsLBD factors and Arabidopsis counterparts were clustered into 10 subgroups after phylogenetic analysis. Conserved motif analysis revealed that CsLBD proteins with a close evolutionary relationship possessed uniform or similar motif compositions. The interaction networks of LBD proteins in C. sinensis were established according to the data in Arabidopsis. Seven CsLBD genes were examined through qRT-PCR (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction) in tea plant cultivar, ‘Longjing43’. The expression profiles of these CsLBD genes were investigated in different tissues (i.e. root, stem, leaf and flower) and subjected to five hormonal stimuli (i.e. abscisic acid, gibberellin acid, ethephon, methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid). This study provides an extensive overview of the CsLBD family genes and a valuable foundation for future functional studies of CsLBD factors.