Genome-Wide Characterization and Evolutionary Analyses of Purple Acid Phosphatase (PAP) Gene Family with Their Expression Profiles in Response to Low Phosphorus Stresses in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)

Mengyan Zhou,Ming Li,Wanting Chen,Mingzhen Zhao,Yachao Li,Xia Hu

doi:10.3390/f12030326

Abstract

Low phosphorus increases acid phosphatase activity and transfers soluble phosphorus from the underground to the above-ground, but also inhibits the growth and development of the Moso bamboo root system. Purple acid phosphatase (PAP), a kind of acid phosphatase, plays an important role in phosphorus (P) uptake and metabolism. In our study of the Moso bamboo PAP gene family, we identified 17 Moso bamboo PAP genes (PePAP) in the entire genome and further analyzed their physical and chemical properties and functions PePAP. According to the analysis of the phylogenetic tree, special domains and conserved motifs, these 17 genes can be divided into four categories. The gene structure and conserved motifs are relatively conservative, but the 17 sequences of the PePAP domain are diverse. The prediction of the subcellular location indicated that PePAPs are mainly located in the secretory pathway. We have studied the expression levels of these PePAP in different organs, such as the roots, stems and leaves of Moso bamboo, and the results show that the expression of most PePAP genes in roots and stems seems to be higher than that in leaves. In addition to tissue-specific expression analysis, we also studied the expression of PePAPs under low phosphorus stress. Under such conditions, the PePAP genes show an increase in expression in the roots, stem and leaves, and the extent of this change varies between genes. In summary, our results reveal the evolution of the PePAP gene in the Moso bamboo genome and provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of the PePAP-mediated response of Moso bamboo to low phosphorus.

Highlights

Moso bamboo is China’s most cultivated and economically valuable forest plant that is grown for shoots or for wood production, with an area of 4,677,800 hectares and ranking first in the world by the number of hectares planted [1]
The study found compared stress inhibiting the growth of Moso bamboo roots, promoting the increase of root acid stress the growth of Moso bamboo roots, promoting the increase of root rootlength, acid with inhibiting normalactivity phosphorus supply, low stress inhibited in phosphatase and reducing the phosphorus soluble phosphorus content,the weincrease speculate that Purple acid phosphatase (PAP)
In Moso bamboo, low phosphorus stress induces the increase in acid phosphatase activity in the root system and the transfer of soluble phosphorus from underground to the shoot, but the growth and development of the root system are negatively regulated

Summary

Introduction

Moso bamboo is China’s most cultivated and economically valuable forest plant that is grown for shoots or for wood production, with an area of 4,677,800 hectares and ranking first in the world by the number of hectares planted [1]. Due to the “fast-growing” characteristics leading to rapid germination and fast growth, the Moso bamboo has a remarkably high yield and provides important resources for food, construction, papermaking and fiber [2]. Due to a large amount of iron, aluminum and other mineral elements in the acid red soil of southern China, inorganic phosphorus mostly exists in the form of insoluble iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate and closed storage phosphorus wrapped by soil clay, which is difficult for the plant rhizosphere to reach for direct absorption and utilization. In the Moso bamboo plantations in the acid red soil area of southern China that has been continuously planted for multiple generations, the deficiency of available soil phosphorus has become one of the key factors limiting the yield and quality improvement [11]

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Conclusion