Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is one of the main public health problems in many parts of the world. This problem raises the attention of all valuable sources of micronutrients for the human diet, such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). In this research, a panel of 174 accessions representing Croatian common bean landraces was phenotyped for seed content of eight nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn), and genotyped using 6,311 high-quality DArTseq-derived SNP markers. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was then performed to identify new genetic sources for improving seed mineral content. Twenty-two quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN) associated with seed nitrogen content were discovered on chromosomes Pv01, Pv02, Pv03, Pv05, Pv07, Pv08, and Pv10. Five QTNs were associated with seed phosphorus content, four on chromosome Pv07, and one on Pv08. A single significant QTN was found for seed calcium content on chromosome Pv09 and for seed magnesium content on Pv08. Finally, two QTNs associated with seed zinc content were identified on Pv06 while no QTNs were found to be associated with seed potassium, iron, or manganese content. Our results demonstrate the utility of GWAS for understanding the genetic architecture of seed nutritional traits in common bean and have utility for future enrichment of seed with macro– and micronutrients through genomics-assisted breeding.
Highlights
Micronutrient malnutrition, known as “hidden hunger,” the lack of minerals such as Fe and Zn, is the main global nutritional problem (Hirschi, 2009; Diepenbrock and Gore, 2015; Semba, 2016; Yeken et al, 2018), due to great importance of micronutrients in fundamental biological functions (Tapiero et al, 2003)
In concordance with the results described by Carovic-Stanko et al (2017), the STRUCTURE analysis based on 26 microsatellite loci identified K = 2 as the most likely number of clusters ( K = 20,533.24) assigning the accessions of Mesoamerican origin to cluster A, while the accessions of Andean origin formed the cluster B
At K = 3 ( K = 1,935.93), cluster B defined for K = 2 split up into two clusters separating the great majority of accessions of phaseolin type II (“H” or “C”) from those having phaseolin type III (“T”)
Summary
Micronutrient malnutrition, known as “hidden hunger,” the lack of minerals such as Fe and Zn, is the main global nutritional problem (Hirschi, 2009; Diepenbrock and Gore, 2015; Semba, 2016; Yeken et al, 2018), due to great importance of micronutrients in fundamental biological functions (Tapiero et al, 2003). Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a species of great interest for human diet worldwide, gaining attention as functional food offering benefits for human health (Câmara et al, 2013). The nutritional composition of common bean landraces depends on factors like origin, genotype and environmental conditions (Gouveia et al, 2014). Researches that have analyzed the genetic control of seed composition were mainly focused on minerals such as iron, phosphorus and zinc (Blair et al, 2009; Cichy et al, 2009), since they are among the most important nutritional deficiencies in humans
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