Abstract
In warm-humid ago-ecologies of the world, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production is severely affected by anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sublineolum Henn. New sources of anthracnose resistance should be identified to introgress novel genes into susceptible varieties in resistance breeding programs. The objective of this study was to determine genome-wide association of Diversity Arrays Technology Sequencing (DArTseq) based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers and anthracnose resistance genes in diverse sorghum populations for resistance breeding. Three hundred sixty-six sorghum populations were assessed for anthracnose resistance in three seasons in western Ethiopia using artificial inoculation. Data on anthracnose severity and the relative area under the disease progress curve were computed. Furthermore, the test populations were genotyped using SNP markers with DArTseq protocol. Population structure analysis and genome-wide association mapping were undertaken based on 11,643 SNPs with <10% missing data. The evaluated population was grouped into eight distinct genetic clusters. A total of eight significant (P < 0.001) marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected, explaining 4.86-15.9% of the phenotypic variation for anthracnose resistance. Out of which the four markers were above the cutoff point. The significant MTAs in the assessed sorghum population are useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in anthracnose resistance breeding programs and for gene and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping.
Highlights
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, 2n = 2x = 20] is an important cereal crop cultivated globally for multiple uses [1]
The study used 366 sorghum collections sourced from different geographical locations in Ethiopia, including the Afar, Amhara, Benshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa, Gambella, Oromiya, SNNP, Somali, and Tigray regions acquired from Melkassa Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia
Four genotypes (239182, 72564, 73048 and 238428) scored the highest relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) values compared with the anthracnose susceptible check (Btx623)
Summary
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, 2n = 2x = 20] is an important cereal crop cultivated globally for multiple uses [1]. It is a mainstay crop in arid and semi-arid agro-ecologies due to its relatively higher drought tolerance compared to other common cereal crops such as maize and wheat. Various constraints affect sorghum production and productivity, notably by biotic stresses such as diseases, weeds (Striga species), and insect pests. Anthracnose, grain mold, leafPLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261461 December 20, 2021
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