Abstract
BackgroundBroomcorn millet is a drought-tolerant cereal that is widely cultivated in the semiarid regions of Asia, Europe, and other continents; however, the mechanisms underlying its drought-tolerance are poorly understood. The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors form a large plant-specific gene family that is involved in the regulation of tissue development and abiotic stress. To date, NAC transcription factors have not been systematically researched in broomcorn millet.ResultsIn the present study, a total of 180 NAC (PmNAC) genes were identified from the broomcorn millet genome and named uniformly according to their chromosomal distribution. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the PmNACs clustered into 12 subgroups, including the broomcorn millet-specific subgroup Pm_NAC. Gene structure and protein motif analyses indicated that closely clustered PmNAC genes were relatively conserved within each subgroup, while genome mapping analysis revealed that the PmNAC genes were unevenly distributed on broomcorn millet chromosomes. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the PmNAC genes differed greatly in expression in various tissues and under different drought stress durations. The expression of 10 selected genes under drought stress was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR.ConclusionIn this study, 180 NAC genes were identified in broomcorn millet, and their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, protein motifs, chromosomal distribution, duplication, expression patterns in different tissues, and responses to drought stress were studied. These results will be useful for the further study of the functional characteristics of PmNAC genes, particularly with regards to drought resistance.
Highlights
Broomcorn millet is a drought-tolerant cereal that is widely cultivated in the semiarid regions of Asia, Europe, and other continents; the mechanisms underlying its drought-tolerance are poorly understood.The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors form a large plant-specific gene family that is involved in the regulation of tissue development and abiotic stress
In this study, 180 NAC genes were identified in broomcorn millet, and their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, protein motifs, chromosomal distribution, duplication, expression patterns in different tissues, and responses to drought stress were studied
A total of 180 NAC genes were identified in broomcorn millet
Summary
The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors form a large plant-specific gene family that is involved in the regulation of tissue development and abiotic stress. Full list of author information is available at the end of the article apical meristem (NAM), Arabidopsis transcription activation factor (ATAF)1/2, and cup-shaped cotyledon (CUC2). NAC TFs play important regulatory roles in various aspects of plant growth, development, and adaptation to the environment, including in shoot apical meristem formation [5], cell division and expansion [6, 7] nutrient remobilization [8], flower formation [9], lateral root development [10, 11], leaf senescence [12,13,14,15,16], secondary. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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