Abstract
GATA transcription factors (TFs) are involved in the regulation of growth processes and various environmental stresses. Although GATA TFs involved in abiotic stress in plants and some fungi have been analyzed, information regarding GATA TFs in Aspergillusoryzae is extremely poor. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized seven GATA proteins from A.oryzae 3.042 genome, including a novel AoSnf5 GATA TF with 20-residue between the Cys-X2-Cys motifs which was found in Aspergillus GATA TFs for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these seven A. oryzae GATA TFs could be classified into six subgroups. Analysis of conserved motifs demonstrated that Aspergillus GATA TFs with similar motif compositions clustered in one subgroup, suggesting that they might possess similar genetic functions, further confirming the accuracy of the phylogenetic relationship. Furthermore, the expression patterns of seven A.oryzae GATA TFs under temperature and salt stresses indicated that A. oryzae GATA TFs were mainly responsive to high temperature and high salt stress. The protein–protein interaction network of A.oryzae GATA TFs revealed certain potentially interacting proteins. The comprehensive analysis of A. oryzae GATA TFs will be beneficial for understanding their biological function and evolutionary features and provide an important starting point to further understand the role of GATA TFs in the regulation of distinct environmental conditions in A.oryzae.
Highlights
GATA transcription factors (TFs) constitute a family proteins that is characterized by the presence of one or two highly conserved type-IV zinc fingers (Cys-X2-Cys-X17-20Cys-X2-Cys) and a DNA-binding domain that recognizes the conserved (A/C/T)-G-A-T-A- (A/G) sequence in the promoter sequence of target genes (Scazzocchio 2000; Lowry and Atchley 2000)
The Fungal Transcription Factor Database (FTFD) and Kobayashi et al have publicized six A. oryzae GATA TFs, which are involved in nitrogen regulation, light responses, regulation of sexual and/or asexual reproduction, and secondary metabolism (SM) (Kobayashi et al 2007), studies regarding a comprehensive analysis of A. oryzae 3.042 GATA TFs are lacking
Fungal GATA TFs are mainly involved in nitrogen metabolism (Michielse et al 2014; Pfannmüller et al 2017), light responses (Purschwitz et al 2008; Fuller et al 2013), siderophore biosynthesis and matingtype switching (Jung and Kronstad 2011)
Summary
GATA transcription factors (TFs) constitute a family proteins that is characterized by the presence of one or two highly conserved type-IV zinc fingers (Cys-X2-Cys-X17-20Cys-X2-Cys) and a DNA-binding domain that recognizes the conserved (A/C/T)-G-A-T-A- (A/G) sequence in the promoter sequence of target genes (Scazzocchio 2000; Lowry and Atchley 2000). GATA TFs are mainly involved in nitrogen regulation and light responses, Jiang et al AMB Expr (2021) 11:56 and contributes to filamentous growth at 22 °C via lipid metabolism (Marty et al 2015). The ability of A. oryzae to adapt to different temperatures and high salt concentrations have attracted attention, the molecular mechanisms underlying their response to these stress factors still remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that GATA TFs are mainly involved in regulation of various temperature and salt stress stimuli in few fungi (Scazzocchio 2000; Crespo 2001; Marty et al 2015). The expression patterns and the results of protein– protein interaction (PPI) can establish a good foundation for further studies on the function and the mechanism of A. oryzae GATA TFs in abiotic stress responses
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