Abstract
Auxin is an essential phytohormone that plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants in stressful environments. Here, we analysed the auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family, which produces auxin in pepper, and succeeded in identifying 27 putative members containing four conserved domains (I. II. III and IV) in their protein sequences. Sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping and motif prediction of all identified CaAux/IAA genes were performed. It was observed that these genes contained four conserved motifs divided into nine different groups and distributed across nine chromosomes in pepper plants. RNA-seq analysis revealed the organ specific expression of many CaAux/IAA genes. However, the majority of genes were expressed with high expression levels in the early stages of fruit development. However, the maximum expression level of the CA03g34540 gene was observed in the breaker stage. Moreover, thirteen CaAux/IAA genes were labelled as early responsive genes to various phytohormone and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis in response to pathogen inoculation (PepMoV, TMV strains P0/P1, and Phytophthora capsici) showed distinct expression profiles of all identified genes, suggesting the diverse expression nature of genes under these stress conditions. Overall, this study provides insight into the dynamic response of CaAux/IAA genes under environmental and phytohormones stress conditions, providing bases to further explore the importance of these genes through mutant/transgenic analysis in pepper.
Highlights
IntroductionEnvironmental stresses (both biotic and abiotic) affect both crop production and quality
Environmental stresses affect both crop production and quality
To identify all auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family members in the pepper genome, 29 AtIAAs and 26 SlAAs were queried in the SOL genome database and pepper genome database
Summary
Environmental stresses (both biotic and abiotic) affect both crop production and quality. To cope with environmental hazards, plants have evolved several strategies, including the regulation of cellular processes by controlling gene expression through transcription factors (TFs)[1]. Auxin is a ubiquitous hormone that plays a role in many plant regulatory processes, including growth and development at the cellular, sub-cellular and whole plant levels. These proteins play a pivotal role in plant responses to light, gravity, and temperature[4]. Auxin treatment can regulate rapid and precise gene expression These genes belong to several auxin responsive classes, including transcription activators (ARF, auxin response factors), repressors (Aux/IAA, auxin/indole-3-acetic acid) and receptors (F-box proteins)[5]. OsIAA9 or OsIAA13 affected starch accumulation and were involved in lateral root intonation[31]
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