Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Pattern Analysis and Evolution of the Ces/Csl Gene Superfamily in Pineapple (Ananas comosus).

Cao Cao,Zhang Zhang,Yu Yu,Aslam Aslam,Cheng Cheng,Hu Hu,Yan Yan,Zhao Zhao,Lin Lin,Ojolo Ojolo,Qin Qin,Priyadarshani Priyadarshani

doi:10.3390/plants8080275

Abstract

The cellulose synthase (Ces) and cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene families belonging to the cellulose synthase gene superfamily, are responsible for the biosynthesis of cellulose and hemicellulose of the plant cell wall, and play critical roles in plant development, growth and evolution. However, the Ces/Csl gene family remains to be characterized in pineapple, a highly valued and delicious tropical fruit. Here, we carried out genome-wide study and identified a total of seven Ces genes and 25 Csl genes in pineapple. Genomic features and phylogeny analysis of Ces/Csl genes were carried out, including phylogenetic tree, chromosomal locations, gene structures, and conserved motifs identification. In addition, we identified 32 pineapple AcoCes/Csl genes with 31 Arabidopsis AtCes/Csl genes as orthologs by the syntenic and phylogenetic approaches. Furthermore, a RNA-seq investigation exhibited the expression profile of several AcoCes/Csl genes in various tissues and multiple developmental stages. Collectively, we provided comprehensive information of the evolution and function of pineapple Ces/Csl gene superfamily, which would be useful for screening out and characterization of the putative genes responsible for tissue development in pineapple. The present study laid the foundation for future functional characterization of Ces/Csl genes in pineapple.

Highlights

The cell wall, as a key component of plant cell, plays vital roles in the whole process of plant growth
The 32 proteins were grouped into seven subfamilies, including AcoCesA, AcoCslA, AcoCslC, AcoCslD, AcoCslE, AcoCslG and AcoCslJ according to the phylogenetic relationships with Arabidopsis and rice (Table 1)
Cellulose synthase (CesA) family and six cellulose synthase-like (Csl) families including A, B, C, D, E and G [12]. They belong to the integral membrane proteins, CesA proteins are located in the plasma membrane, CslB, CslG and CslE are believed to locate in the Golgi [2]

Summary

Introduction

The cell wall, as a key component of plant cell, plays vital roles in the whole process of plant growth. Cell walls are made of the primary cell wall and the secondary cell wall. The primary cell wall is deposited during cell growth and the secondary cell wall is formed when an expansion ends. Polysaccharides including hemicellulose, cellulose and pectin and proteins are common components of cell walls [1]. Cellulose is the main component of primary and secondary plant cell walls. About 180 billion tons of cellulose is generated every year, which is an important renewable resource on the earth [2]. The study on the regulation mechanism of plant cell wall synthesis and modification has been one of the most important fields in plant development biology

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Conclusion