Abstract
SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP)-box genes encode a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play roles in plant growth and development. The characteristics of SBP-box genes in rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis have been reported, but their potential roles in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are not fully understood. In this study, 48 SBP-box genes (TaSBPs) were identified; they were located in all wheat chromosomes except for 4B and 4D. Six TaSBPs were identified as tandem duplication genes that formed three tandem duplication pairs, while 22 were segmentally duplicated genes that formed 16 segmental duplication pairs. Subcellular localization prediction showed TaSBPs were located in nucleus. Among the 48 TaSBPs, 24 were predicted to be putative targets of TamiR156. Phylogenetic analysis showed that TaSBPs, AtSBPs, and OsSBPs that shared similar functions were clustered into the same subgroups. The phylogenetic relationships between the TaSBPs were supported by the identification of highly conserved motifs and gene structures. Four types of cis-elements––transcription-related, development-related, hormone-related, and abiotic stress-related elements––were found in the TaSBP promoters. Expression profiles indicated most TaSBPs participate in flower development and abiotic stress responses. This study establishes a foundation for further investigation of TaSBP genes and provides novel insights into their biological functions.
Highlights
SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP)-box genes encode a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play roles in plant growth and development
The 48 genes––with the exception of TaSBP11A, TaSBP11B, and TaSBP11D––were verified by expressed sequence tags (ESTs) deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, and 36 The number of hexaploid wheat SBP (TaSBP) genes constituted 12 sets, with every set including three homologous genes in the A, B, and D sub-genomes, respectively
The results showed that 24 TaSBPs had miR156-binding sites, with 19 in the coding sequences (CDSs) and 5 in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) regions (Fig. 6)
Summary
SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP)-box genes encode a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play roles in plant growth and development. 48 SBP-box genes (TaSBPs) were identified; they were located in all wheat chromosomes except for 4B and 4D. The SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP)-box gene family belongs to a group of plant-specific genes that encode zinc (Zn) finger proteins. TaSPL16 in Arabidopsis delays the emergence of vegetative leaves, increases organ size, and affects yield-related traits[14]. These studies have indicated that SBP-box genes function in regulation of plant development and growth. There are few reports on whether miRNA regulation is conserved in wheat SBP-box genes with miRNA-binding sites
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