Genome-wide identification and expression profiling analysis of Wnt family genes affecting adipocyte differentiation in cattle

Cuili Pan,Zhaoxiong Lei,Hui Sheng,Shuzhe Wang,Chaoyun Yang,Yun Ma,Mengli Yang,Chunli Hu,Honghong Hu,Xiaoshu Xue

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04468-1

Cuili Pan, Zhaoxiong Lei + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04468-1

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Jan 11, 2022
Citations: 10	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Ningxia University, Xinyang Normal University

Abstract

The Wnt family features conserved glycoproteins that play roles in tissue regeneration, animal development and cell proliferation and differentiation. For its functional diversity and importance, this family has been studied in several species, but not in the Bovinae. Herein we identified 19 Wnt genes in cattle, and seven other species of Bovinae, and described their corresponding protein properties. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the 149 Wnt proteins in Bovinae, and 38 Wnt proteins from the human and mouse into 12 major clades. Wnt genes from the same subfamilies shared similar protein motif compositions and exon–intron patterns. Chromosomal distribution and collinearity analysis revealed that they were conservative in cattle and five species of Bovinae. RNA-seq data analysis indicated that Wnt genes exhibited tissue-specific expression in cattle. qPCR analysis revealed a unique expression pattern of each gene during bovine adipocytes differentiation. Finally, the comprehensive analysis indicated that Wnt2B may regulate adipose differentiation by activating FZD5, which is worthy of further study. Our study presents the first genome-wide study of the Wnt gene family in Bovinae, and lays the foundation for further functional characterization of this family in bovine adipocytes differentiation.

Highlights

The Wnt family features conserved glycoproteins that play roles in tissue regeneration, animal development and cell proliferation and differentiation
This is followed by the activation of downstream target genes Rho-associated kinase (Rock) and Jun N-terminal serine/threonine kinase (JNK), thereby regulating cytoskeletal actin and cell p olarity[5,6]
Our study provides a basis for understanding the distribution of Wnt genes and will contributes to further elucidate their potential function in adipocytes differentiation

Summary

Introduction

The Wnt family features conserved glycoproteins that play roles in tissue regeneration, animal development and cell proliferation and differentiation. Β-catenin binds to the transcription factor T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancing factor (LEF1/TCF) family This activates the transcription of target genes that regulate embryo development, tissue regeneration and cell proliferation and d ifferentiation[2,3]. In the non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway, the activation of Fzd (mainly Fzd2) results in intracellular Ca2+ release This activates Ca2+–calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CamKII), calnexin (CaN) and protein kinase C (PKC), regulating cell adhesion and gene t ranscription[4]. In the non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway, Wnt proteins (e.g., Wnt5a and Wnt11) activate Fzd and signals are transmitted from Disheveled (Dvl) to trimeric G proteins This is followed by the activation of downstream target genes Rho-associated kinase (Rock) and Jun N-terminal serine/threonine kinase (JNK), thereby regulating cytoskeletal actin and cell p olarity[5,6].

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