Abstract
The nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor (TF) family consists of three subfamilies NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC. Many studies have proven that NF-Y complex plays multiple essential roles in stress response in Arabidopsis and other plant species. However, little attention has been given to these genes in peanut. In this study, thirty-three AhNF-Y genes were identified in cultivated peanut and they were distributed on 16 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis of the NF-Y amino acid sequences indicated that the peanut NF-Y proteins were clustered in pairs at the end of the branches and showed high conservation with previous reported plant NF-Ys. Evolutionary history analysis showed that only segmental duplication contributed to expansion of this gene family. Analysis of the 1500-bp regulatory regions upstream the start codon showed that, except for AhNF-YB6, peanut NF-Ys contained at least one abiotic stress response element in their regulatory region. Expression patterns of peanut NF-Ys in 22 tissues and developmental stages were analyzed. A few NF-Ys showed universal expression patterns, while most NF-Ys showed specific expression patterns. Through RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses, expression of six AhNF-Y genes was induced under salt stress in leaves or roots. In addition, AhNF-YA4/8/11, NF-YB4 and NF-YC2/8 also responded to osmotic stress, ABA (abscisic acid) and salicylic acid (SA) treatment.
Highlights
Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor, known as heme activator protein (HAP) or CCAAT-binding factor (CBF), is present in almost all higher eukaryotic genomes
Basic information on the AhNF-Y family members is listed in Table 1, including the IDs of the AhNF-Y-coding genes in A. hypogaea cv
AhNF-YA12 was the largest protein with 492 amino acids and an molecular weight (MW) of 55.45 kDa, while the smallest protein was AhNF-YB2 with 171 amino acids and an MW of 18.88 kDa
Summary
Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor, known as heme activator protein (HAP) or CCAAT-binding factor (CBF), is present in almost all higher eukaryotic genomes. Tropical Plant Biology photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis (Myers et al 2016; Stephenson et al 2011), root growth (Ballif et al 2011; Sorin et al 2014; Zanetti et al 2017), nodule formation (Bu et al 2020; Hossain et al 2016; Ripodas et al 2019), flowering and yield regulation (Hwang et al 2019; Muday et al 2016; Shen et al 2020; Su et al 2018; Zhang et al 2019), and fruit maturation (Li et al 2016) Environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and heat are the main challenges affecting the development, growth, and productivity of field crops, resulting in crop yield losses. Some aspects of plant NF-Y research have advanced sufficiently to provide a mechanistic understanding, the regulatory mechanisms of most plant NF-Ys in stress response remain less well understood
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