Abstract
Euchromatic regions of the Brassica rapa genome were sequenced and mapped onto the corresponding regions in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome.
Highlights
Brassica rapa is one of the most economically important vegetable crops worldwide
Rice, legumes, and cotton have demonstrated that the genome sizes of these crop species have increased significantly due to the accumulation and/or retention of transposable element (TE) (mainly long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTRs)) over the past few million years; the percentage of the genome made up of transposons is estimated to be between 35% and 52% based on sequenced genomes [712]
A total of 43.9 Mbp remain as uncovered gaps: among these, 6.4 Mbp are attributable to euchromatin gaps, and the remaining 37.5 Mbp to pericentromeric heterochromatin gaps
Summary
Owing to its agronomic importance and phylogenetic position, B. rapa provides a crucial reference to understand polyploidy-related crop genome evolution. The genome expansion seen in angiosperms is mainly attributable to occasional polyploidy. The accumulation of transposable elements (TEs) has been another prevalent factor in plant genome expansion. Rice, legumes, and cotton have demonstrated that the genome sizes of these crop species have increased significantly due to the accumulation and/or retention of TEs (mainly long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTRs)) over the past few million years; the percentage of the genome made up of transposons is estimated to be between 35% and 52% based on sequenced genomes [712]. Neither of the aforementioned mechanisms has been demonstrated to occur frequently enough to balance genome size growth, and plant genomes tend, to expand over time
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