Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of B3 superfamily during ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)

Cheng Cheng Ruan,Zhe Chen,Xiang He Wang,Wei Fan,Li Jun Guo,Zhi Wen Luo,Zhi Li Zhang,Hong Yan Fan,Fu Chu Hu

doi:10.1186/s12864-021-07854-1

Cheng Cheng Ruan, Zhe Chen + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07854-1

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Abstract

BackgroundThe B3 superfamily (B3s) represents a class of large plant-specific transcription factors, which play diverse roles in plant growth and development process including flowering induction. However, identification and functional surveys of B3 superfamily have not been reported in ethylene-induced pineapple flowering (Ananas comosus).Results57 B3 genes containing B3 domain were identified and phylogenetically classified into five subfamilies. Chromosomal localization analysis revealed that 54 of 57 AcB3s were located on 21 Linkage Groups (LG). Collinearity analysis demonstrated that the segmental duplication was the main event in the evolution of B3 gene superfamily, and most of them were under purifying selection. The analysis of cis-element composition suggested that most of these genes may have function in response to abscisic acid, ethylene, MeJA, light, and abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis of 40 AcB3s containing ethylene responsive elements exhibited that the expression levels of 35 genes were up-regulated within 1 d after ethephon treatment and some were highly expressed in flower bud differentiation period in stem apex, such as Aco012003, Aco019552 and Aco014401.ConclusionThis study provides a basic information of AcB3s and clues for involvement of some AcB3s in ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple.

Highlights

The B3 superfamily (B3s) represents a class of large plant-specific transcription factors, which play diverse roles in plant growth and development process including flowering induction
Based on the structure and function of the proteins, they can be divided into five subgroups: auxin response factor (ARF), Leafy Cotyledon 2 (LEC2)-Abscisic Acid Insensitive 3(ABI3)-VAL (LAV), high-level expression of sugar inducible (HSI), related to ABI3/VP1 (RAV) and reproductive meristem (REM) [13, 14]
A phylogenetic tree was constructed using PhyML 3.0 to investigate the evolutionary relationship of B3s among pineapple

Summary

Introduction

The B3 superfamily (B3s) represents a class of large plant-specific transcription factors, which play diverse roles in plant growth and development process including flowering induction. Many studies indicated that the RAV is related to stress response and overexpression of cotton RAV1 gene in Arabidopsis increases the sensitivity of salinity and drought stresses [30] From another perspective, TEM (TEMPRANILLO) gene (a member of the RAV family) downregulates the expression of FT (Flowering Locus T), so as to repress flowering [31]. While AtREM34 was the first identified REM member, VRN1 (VERNALIZATION1/REM5), was the first being functionally characterized to be related to vernalization and promotion of flowering [3, 32] Silencing both REM34 and REM35 in Arabidopsis influenced its female and male gametophyte development, indicating that REMs play roles in flowering [33]. The results provides a reference for further understanding of the physiological function and mechanism of B3s in the process of ethephon-induced pineapple flowering

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