Abstract
Fatty acids and their composition in seeds determine oil value for nutritional or industrial purposes and also affect seed germination as well as seedling establishment. To better understand the genetic basis of seed fatty acid biosynthesis in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) we applied a genome-wide association study, using 91,205 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) characterized across a mapping population with high-resolution skim genotyping by sequencing (SkimGBS). We identified a cluster of loci on chromosome A05 associated with oleic and linoleic seed fatty acids. The delineated genomic region contained orthologs of the Arabidopsis thaliana genes known to play a role in regulation of seed fatty acid biosynthesis such as Fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase B (FATB) and Fatty Acid Desaturase (FAD5). This approach allowed us to identify potential functional genes regulating fatty acid composition in this important oil producing crop and demonstrates that this approach can be used as a powerful tool for dissecting complex traits for B. napus improvement programs.
Highlights
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is the second largest oil-producing crop in the world after soybean (70.9 and 314.5 million tons respectively; FAO1)
Palmitic C16:0, stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) fatty acids in the total oil content and seed weight were measured for four replicates in each of the 60 doubled haploid (DH) lines of the B. napus panel (Tables 1, 2)
Seed oil is a major energy reserve for seed germination and future seedling establishment, whereas for industrial purposes different fatty acid composition of oil is of great economic importance
Summary
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is the second largest oil-producing crop in the world after soybean (70.9 and 314.5 million tons respectively; FAO1). Three of the major fatty acids (FAs) in oilseed rape oil are the monounsaturated FA oleic acid and the two polyunsaturated FAs linoleic acid and linolenic acid (Smooker et al, 2011). The process of oil biosynthesis has been well-characterized in the model species and closely related member of Brasicaceae; Arabidopsis thaliana. This complex process employs a coordinated action of genes involved in seed maturation, energy metabolism, fatty acid, and triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis pathways (Baud and Lepiniec, 2010; Bates et al, 2013)
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