Abstract
BackgroundSoybean oil is a complex mixture of five fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic). Soybean oil with a high oleic acid content is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the oxidative stability of the oil. To investigate the genetic architecture of oleic acid in soybean seeds, 260 soybean germplasms from Northeast China were collected as natural populations. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on a panel of 260 germplasm resources.ResultsPhenotypic identification results showed that the oleic acid content varied from 8.2 to 35.0%. A total of 2,311,337 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained. GWAS analysis showed that there were many genes related to oleic acid content with a contribution rate of 7%. The candidate genes Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 and Glyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 were detected in a 2-year-long GWAS. The candidate gene Glyma.11G229600.1 showed a positive correlation with the oleic acid content, and the correlation coefficient was 0.980, while Glyma.04G102900.1 showed a negative correlation, with a coefficient of − 0.964.ConclusionsGlyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 and Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 were detected in both analyses (2018 and 2019). Glyma.04G102900.1 and Glyma.11G229600.1 are new key candidate genes related to oleic acid in soybean seeds. These results will be useful for high-oleic soybean breeding.
Highlights
Soybean oil is a complex mixture of five fatty acids
The results indicated that the oleic acid content in different soybean lines is significantly different, and the distribution of the oleic acid content in soybean seeds is continuous, which is consistent with the genetic law of quantitative traits
The results showed that the average oleic acid content in soybean germplasms varied greatly, and the oleic acid content in soybean grain was significantly different between regions
Summary
Soybean oil is a complex mixture of five fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic). Soybean oil with a high oleic acid content is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the oxidative stability of the oil. To investigate the genetic architecture of oleic acid in soybean seeds, 260 soybean germplasms from Northeast China were collected as natural populations. The fatty acid composition of soybean oil is approximately 5 to 11% linolenic acid, 43 to 56% linoleic acid, 15 to 33% oleic acid, and 11 to 26% saturated acids [4]. Palmitic acid and stearic acid are saturated fatty acids that constitute 15% of soybean oil. Linolenic and linoleic acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids that constitute 80% of soybean oil. Linolenic acid is needed for normal human growth and development and can lower the cholesterol
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