Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important high protein crop grown worldwide. North Dakota and Minnesota are the largest producers of common beans in the USA, but crop production is threatened by soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) because most current cultivars are susceptible. Greenhouse screening data using SCN HG type 0 from 317 plant introductions (PI’s) from the USDA core collection was used to conduct a genome wide association study (GWAS). These lines were divided into two subpopulations based on principal component analysis (Middle American vs. Andean). Phenotypic results based on the female index showed that accessions could be classified as highly resistant (21% and 27%), moderately resistant (51% and 48%), moderately susceptible (27% and 22%) and highly susceptible (1% and 3%) for Middle American and Andean gene pools, respectively. Mixed models with two principal components (PCs) and kinship matrix for Middle American genotypes and Andean genotypes were used in the GWAS analysis using 3,985 and 4,811 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers, respectively which were evenly distributed across all 11 chromosomes. Significant peaks on Pv07, and Pv11 in Middle American and on Pv07, Pv08, Pv09 and Pv11 in Andean group were found to be associated with SCN resistance. Homologs of soybean rhg1, a locus which confers resistance to SCN in soybean, were identified on chromosomes Pv01 and Pv08 in the Middle American and Andean gene pools, respectively. These genomic regions may be the key to develop SCN-resistant common bean cultivars.
Highlights
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legume crops worldwide as a significant source of protein, iron, fiber and other micronutrients in human diets [1, 2]
Phenotypic data for 317 accessions was used in this study, and significant variation in soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance was observed in the common bean core collection with female index (FI)’s ranging from 3 to 104
Due to the presence of two strongly distinct gene pools, the Middle American and Andean, these accessions were separated into two groups based on principal component analysis as suggested by Mamidi et al [29] using single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) data
Summary
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legume crops worldwide as a significant source of protein, iron, fiber and other micronutrients in human diets [1, 2]. GWAS for soybean cyst nematode resistance in common bean funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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