Abstract
SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP) is a kind of plant-specific transcription factor, which plays a crucial role in stress responses and plant growth and development by activating and inhibiting the transcription of multiple target genes. In this study, a total of 30 SBP genes were identified from Populus trichocarpa genome and randomly distributed on 16 chromosomes in poplar. According to phylogenetic analysis, the PtSBPs can be divided into six categories, and 14 out of the genes belong to VI. Furthermore, the SBP genes in VI were proved to have a targeting relationship with miR156. The homeopathic element analysis showed that the promoters of poplar SBP genes mainly contain the elements involved in growth and development, abiotic stress and hormone response. In addition, there existed 10 gene segment duplication events in the SBP gene duplication analysis. Furthermore, there were four poplar and Arabidopsis orthologous gene pairs among the poplar SBP members. What is more, poplar SBP gene family has diverse gene expression pattern under salt stress. As many as nine SBP members were responding to high salt stress and six members possibly participated in growth development and abiotic stress. Yeast two-hybrid experiments indicated that PtSBPs can form heterodimers to interact in the transcriptional regulatory networks. The genome-wide analysis of poplar SBP family will contribute to function characterization of SBP genes in woody plants.
Highlights
Transcription factors (TFs) are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that can activate or inhibit the transcription of multiple target genes at RNA level [1] and play a crucial role in various regulatory networks of stress responses and plant growth and development [2]
The results showed that the protein signals of PtSBP2, PtSBP5, PtSBP9, PtSBP15, PtSBP16, PtSBP25, PtSBP28 and PtSBP29 existed in both nucleus and cytoplasm, and the others 22 protein signals only existed in nucleus
We focused on the physicochemical properties, conservative domains, phylogeny, gene structure, cis-acting elements, chromosome distribution and gene duplication of a total of 30 SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP) genes from poplar
Summary
Transcription factors (TFs) are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that can activate or inhibit the transcription of multiple target genes at RNA level [1] and play a crucial role in various regulatory networks of stress responses and plant growth and development [2]. SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP) family is one of the important TF families involved in stress responses and plant growth and development. SBP TF is a kind of conserved miRNA targeting plant transcription factors, and it can especially interact with the members of miR156/157 family [5]. SBP genes are mainly involved in plant growth and development processes such as flower formation, leaf development, plant fertility, fruit maturity, developmental stage transition, as well as stress responses including hormone response, photoperiod, copper homeostasis, biological and abiotic stress responses [6]. The BpSPL1 from Betula platyphylla can bind to the promoter region of BpMADS5, which is a homology of FRUITFULL from
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