Abstract
It is of significance to mine the structural genes related to the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acid (FA) and cellulose as well as explore the regulatory mechanism of alternative splicing (AS), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, FA and cellulose, which would enhance the knowledge of gene expression and regulation at post-transcriptional level in Cannabis sativa L. In this study, transcriptome, small RNA and degradome libraries of hemp ‘Yunma No.1’ were established, and comprehensive analysis was performed. As a result, a total of 154, 32 and 331 transcripts encoding key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, FA and cellulose were predicted, respectively, among which AS occurred in 368 transcripts. Moreover, 183 conserved miRNAs, 380 C. sativa-specific miRNAs and 7783 lncRNAs were predicted. Among them, 70 miRNAs and 17 lncRNAs potentially targeted 13 and 17 transcripts, respectively, encoding key enzymes or transporters involved in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, cellulose or FA. Finally, the crosstalk between AS and miRNAs or lncRNAs involved in cannabinoids and cellulose was also predicted. In summary, all these results provided insights into the complicated network of gene expression and regulation in C. sativa.
Highlights
Cannabis sativa L. has attracted worldwide attention due to its wide use in medicine, food, health products, textiles and other fields [1,2]
‘Yunma No.1’ is the first industrial hemp cultivar bred by the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
More than 83% of them could be mapped to the published C. sativa ‘Purple
Summary
Cannabis sativa L. has attracted worldwide attention due to its wide use in medicine, food, health products, textiles and other fields [1,2]. Cannabinoids are types of C. sativa-specific secondary metabolites rich in female flowers [6,7]. ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) are the major components [8]. Both THCA and CBDA have functions in relieving pain, keeping calm, preventing vomiting, regulating immunity and reducing artery occlusion [9,10]. Content and composition of cannabinoids are highly variable among C. sativa plants. According to the content and ratio of THCA and CBDA, C. sativa can be mainly divided into marijuana and hemp. Marijuana contains high THCA and low CBDA, while hemp is the opposite. Hemp seed is a kind of nutritious food, rich in FA [13]
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