Abstract
Flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) as the DNA stain, was used to estimate their holoploid genome size (2C) of 15 Zingiberaceae species (3 genera: Curcuma, Hedychium and Kaempferia, a total of 245 individuals) occurring in Assam [Northeast (NE)] India. Chromosome number was investigated for Curcuma (3 species), Kaempferia (3 species) and Hedychium (3 species) allowing us to calculate the monoploid genome size of 9 species. Large intra-spatial genome size (2C) variation was observed for 5 species with no difference in morphology. The lowest genome size (2C) was found in Curcuma amada (1.860±0.006pg). The highest genome size (2C) was observed for Kaempferia galanga (8.15±0.020pg). Among the 15 species, a 4.38 fold variation in genome size observed. The chromosome count of Hedychium chrysoleucum is a new report from this study. The correlation of nuclear DNA content and chromosome number of the studied Zingiberaceae species revealed emergence of the evolutionary younger taxa for genus Kaempferia. The genome size estimation reported in this work will provide critical information for breeding and sequencing of ginger genome.
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