Abstract
BackgroundIdentification of genetic mechanisms and idiosyncrasies at the breed-level can provide valuable information for potential use in evolutionary studies, medical applications, and breeding of selective traits. Here, we analyzed genomic data collected from 136 Korean Native cattle, known as Hanwoo, using advanced statistical methods.ResultsResults revealed Hanwoo-specific protein domains which were largely characterized by immunoglobulin function. Furthermore, domain interactions of novel Hanwoo-specific genes reveal additional links to immunity. Novel Hanwoo-specific genes linked to muscle and other functions were identified, including protein domains with functions related to energy, fat storage, and muscle function that may provide insight into the mechanisms behind Hanwoo cattle’s uniquely high percentage of intramuscular fat and fat marbling.ConclusionThe identification of Hanwoo-specific genes linked to immunity are potentially useful for future medical research and selective breeding. The significant genomic variations identified here can crucially identify genetic novelties that are arising from useful adaptations. These results will allow future researchers to compare and classify breeds, identify important genetic markers, and develop breeding strategies to further improve significant traits.
Highlights
Identification of genetic mechanisms and idiosyncrasies at the breed-level can provide valuable information for potential use in evolutionary studies, medical applications, and breeding of selective traits
Research objectives and genome build summary Our main research objectives included: (1) Assembling and mapping unaligned reads in order to identify and predict genes in Hanwoo cattle; (2) Cross-referencing results against a comprehensive protein domain database in order to identify protein domains affiliated with those areas of the genome; and (3) Mining the uncovered genes and associated domains to identify important gene functions and networks involved in positive traits
Hanwoo-specific genes linked to muscle and other functions Significantly identified protein domains with functions related to energy, fat storage, and muscle function may provide insight into the mechanisms behind Hanwoo cattle’s uniquely high percentage of intramuscular fat and fat marbling
Summary
Identification of genetic mechanisms and idiosyncrasies at the breed-level can provide valuable information for potential use in evolutionary studies, medical applications, and breeding of selective traits. We analyzed genomic data collected from 136 Korean Native cattle, known as Hanwoo, using advanced statistical methods. Hanwoo is a Korean native taurine breed of cattle that has been around since 2000 BC. Their original primary purpose was to serve as farming and transportation cattle, the rapid growth of the Korean economy that occurred in the 1960’s and its associated food demands led to this breed being used as a main source of meat [1]. The demand for this product in Korea has skyrocketed. This is due to the high percentage of fat marbling in Hanwoo meat, a characteristic that is unique to the breed. The quality and price of meat is often determined by fat marbling
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