Genome sequence of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus.

Junjie Zhu,Na Cui,Xiaofang Chen,Pengcheng Yang,Jing Li,Qianshuo Wang,Xianhui Wang,Yanyuan Bao,Lan Luo,Le Kang,Wei Wang,Jinting Yu,Feng Cui,Wan Zhao,Hong Lu,Feng Jiang

doi:10.1093/gigascience/gix109

Junjie Zhu, Na Cui + Show 14 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/gix109

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Abstract

Background Laodelphax striatellus Fallén (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most destructive rice pests. L. striatellus is different from 2 other rice planthoppers with a released genome sequence, Sogatella furcifera and Nilaparvata lugens, in many biological characteristics, such as host range, dispersal capacity, and vectoring plant viruses. Deciphering the genome of L. striatellus will further the understanding of the genetic basis of the biological differences among the 3 rice planthoppers.FindingsA total of 190 Gb of Illumina data and 32.4 Gb of Pacbio data were generated and used to assemble a high-quality L. striatellus genome sequence, which is 541 Mb in length and has a contig N50 of 118 Kb and a scaffold N50 of 1.08 Mb. Annotated repetitive elements account for 25.7% of the genome. A total of 17 736 protein-coding genes were annotated, capturing 97.6% and 98% of the BUSCO eukaryote and arthropoda genes, respectively. Compared with N. lugens and S. furcifera, L. striatellus has the smallest genome and the lowest gene number. Gene family expansion and transcriptomic analyses provided hints to the genomic basis of the differences in important traits such as host range, migratory habit, and plant virus transmission between L. striatellus and the other 2 planthoppers.ConclusionsWe report a high-quality genome assembly of L. striatellus, which is an important genomic resource not only for the study of the biology of L. striatellus and its interactions with plant hosts and plant viruses, but also for comparison with other planthoppers.

Highlights

Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most destructive rice pests
L. striatellus is different from 2 other rice planthoppers with a released genome sequence, Sogatella furcifera and Nilaparvata lugens, in many biological characteristics, such as host range, dispersal capacity, and vectoring plant viruses
Rice stripe disease caused by rice stripe virus (RSV) has broken out over the past several decades in many East Asian countries, including China, where rice field production was reduced by 30–50% and total loss of harvest was observed in some areas [3]

Summary

Introduction

Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most destructive rice pests. Compared with N. lugens and S. furcifera, L. striatellus has the smallest genome and the lowest gene number.

Results

Conclusion