Abstract
A deep-sea fungus Aspergillus sydowii BOBA1 isolated from marine sediment at a depth of 3000 m was capable of degrading spent engine (SE) oil. The response of immobilized fungi towards degradation at elevated pressure was studied in customized high pressure reactors without any deviation in simulating in situ deep-sea conditions. The growth rate of A. sydowii BOBA1 in 0.1 MPa was significantly different from the growth at 10 MPa pressure. The degradation percentage reached 71.2 and 82.5% at atmospheric and high pressure conditions, respectively, within a retention period of 21 days. The complete genome sequence of BOBA1 consists of 38,795,664 bp in size, comprises 2582 scaffolds with predicted total coding genes of 18,932. A total of 16,247 genes were assigned with known functions and many families found to have a potential role in PAHs and xenobiotic compound metabolism. Functional genes controlling the pathways of hydrocarbon and xenobiotics compound degrading enzymes such as dioxygenase, decarboxylase, hydrolase, reductase and peroxidase were identified. The spectroscopic and genomic analysis revealed the presence of combined catechol, gentisate and phthalic acid degradation pathway. These results of degradation and genomic studies evidenced that this deep-sea fungus could be employed to develop an eco-friendly mycoremediation technology to combat the oil polluted marine environment. This study expands our knowledge on piezophilic fungi and offer insight into possibilities about the fate of SE oil in deep-sea.
Highlights
Anthropogenic oil spill contaminations in marine environment are frequent, posing a serious environmental problem and it is important to find an eco-friendly technology for bioremediation
A strain BOBA1 isolated from 3000 m deep-sea sediment of the Bay of Bengal, India, was capable of degrading various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and recalcitrant organic compounds
Moderate growth was observed in silicone oil, sodium dodecyl sulphate, cedarwood oil and phenol, while no growth was observed in clove oil (Table 1)
Summary
Anthropogenic oil spill contaminations in marine environment are frequent, posing a serious environmental problem and it is important to find an eco-friendly technology for bioremediation. The physical, chemical and biological interactions in ocean are very complex, and due to prevailing harsh environmental conditions, appropriate bioremediation technology is needed to treat the oil spill in surface and deep-sea environment. Some interesting findings have been made based on the potential functioning of marine fungi in biodegradation, bioremediation of PAHs and xenobiotic compounds[17,18]. To our knowledge, there is no study to date about the ability of piezophilic fungi to degrade PAHs in high pressure conditions. This study is the first report on WGS of PAHs degrading A. sydowii BOBA1 and demonstrating the potential of mycoremediation under high pressure conditions
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