Abstract
Interspecific hybridization is required for the development of Jatropha curcas L. improved cultivars, due to its narrow genetic basis. The present study aimed to analyze the parental genomic composition of F1 and BC1F1 generations derived from interspecific crosses (J. curcas/J. integerrima and J. curcas/J. multifida) by GISH (Genomic In Situ Hybridization), and the meiotic index and pollen viability of F1 hybrids. In F1 cells from both hybrids, 11 chromosomes of each parental was observed, as expected, but chromosome rearrangement events could be detected using rDNA chromosome markers, suggesting unbalanced cells. In the BC1F1, both hybrids had 22 chromosomes, suggesting that only n = 11 gametes were viable in the next generation. However, GISH allowed the identification of three and two alien chromosomes in J. curcas//J. integerrima and J. curcas//J. multifida BC1F1 hybrids, respectively, suggesting a preferential transmission of J. curcas chromosomes for both hybrids. Pollen viability in F1 hybrids derived from J. curcas/J. integerrima crosses were higher (82-83%) than those found for J. curcas/J. multifida (68%), showing post-meiotic problems in these last hybrids, with dyads, triads, polyads, and micronuclei as post-meiosis results. The here presented cytogenetic characterization of interspecific hybrids and their backcross progenies can contribute to the selection of the best genotypes for future assisted breeding of J. curcas.
Highlights
The incorporation of renewable energy sources in the global energetic matrix is essential to ease the current and future energy crisis, considering the future shortage and the direct and indirect negative impact of petroleum and its derivatives to the environment, as pollutants
The F1 hybrids between J. curcas/J. integerrima and J. curcas/J. multifida presented no chromosomal loss in mitosis, maintaining the diploid chromosome number (2n = 22)
In regard to the three J. curcas/J. integerrima F1 hybrids (L4V64, L3V50, and L4V62), the Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH) evidenced that half of the chromosome set (11 chromosomes) was originated from J. integerrima, whereas the remaining 11 J. curcas chromosomes remained unmarked, as expected for this generation (Figure 1A)
Summary
The incorporation of renewable energy sources in the global energetic matrix is essential to ease the current and future energy crisis, considering the future shortage and the direct and indirect negative impact of petroleum and its derivatives to the environment, as pollutants. (Euphorbiaceae) has been considered one of the most promising oilseed plants for biodiesel and biokerosene production due to its productivity (yield ranges up to 3000 kg seeds/ha), high seed oil content and quality, reaching 40 to 50% (Sinha et al, 2016), besides its ability to thrive in lands not suited to food crops (Carels, 2013; Montes and Melchinger, 2016). J. curcas is an undomesticated species with no available stable and commercial cultivars that can make the energy culture feasible. E-mail: brasileirovidal.ac@gmailcom tinued investment in genetic breeding research (de Argollo Marques et al, 2013). Interspecific hybridization is a promising strategy for genetic enhancement of resistance of J. curcas against many biotic stresses (de Argollo Marques et al, 2013; Sujatha, 2013)
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