Abstract
An outbreak of enteric disease of unknown etiology with 60% morbidity and 8% mortality in weaning piglets occurred in November 2015 on a farm in Buryat Republic, Russia. Metagenomic sequencing revealed the presence of rotavirus B in feces from diseased piglets while no other pathogens were identified. Clinical disease was reproduced in experimentally infected piglets, yielding the 11 RVB gene segments for strain Buryat15, with an RVB genotype constellation of G12-P[4]-I13-R4-C4-M4-A8-N10-T4-E4-H7. This genotype constellation has also been identified in the United States. While the Buryat15 VP7 protein lacked unique amino acid differences in the predicted neutralizing epitopes compared to the previously published swine RVB G12 strains, this report of RVB in Russian swine increases our epidemiological knowledge on the global prevalence and genetic diversity of RVB.
Highlights
Rotaviruses (RVs) were first isolated in 1973 from children in Australia [1,2]
Limited information is available for non-RVA species in human and domesticated livestock from
RVB was not considered an important pathogen in pigs, early research demonstrated pathogenesis of RVB in gnotobiotic piglets [16]
Summary
Rotaviruses (RVs) were first isolated in 1973 from children in Australia [1,2]. After the identification in swine two years later [3], RVs were recognized as the major etiological agents of acute viral gastroenteritis in humans and domesticated livestock worldwide [4,5,6]. Eight RV species (RVA-RVH) and two tentative species (RVI and RVJ) have been identified by sequence-based classification of inner capsid protein 6 (VP6) [8,9,10]. RVA, RVB, RVC and RVH have been detected in both humans and animals while RVD-RVG, RVI, and RVJ have only been found in animals. Five out of ten RV species have been described in pigs (RVA, RVB, RVC, RVE, and RVH) [11,12,13]
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