Abstract
BackgroundA bacterial consortium SCP comprising three bacterial members, viz. Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila APG1, Pseudomonas stutzeri APG2 and Cellulomonas sp. APG4 was developed for degradation of the mono-azo dye, Reactive Blue 28. The genomic analysis of each member of the SCP consortium was done to elucidate the catabolic potential and role of the individual organism in dye degradation.ResultsThe genes for glycerol utilization were detected in the genomes of APG2 and APG4, which corroborated with their ability to grow on a minimal medium containing glycerol as the sole co-substrate. The genes for azoreductase were identified in the genomes of APG2 and APG4, while no such trait could be determined in APG1. In addition to co-substrate oxidation and dye reduction, several other cellular functions like chemotaxis, signal transduction, stress-tolerance, repair mechanisms, aromatic degradation, and copper tolerance associated with dye degradation were also annotated. A model for azo dye degradation is postulated, representing the predominant role of APG4 and APG2 in dye metabolism while suggesting an accessory role of APG1.ConclusionsThis exploratory study is the first-ever attempt to divulge the genetic basis of azo-dye co-metabolism by cross-genome comparisons and can be harnessed as an example for demonstrating microbial syntrophy.
Highlights
A bacterial consortium SCP comprising three bacterial members, viz. Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila APG1, Pseudomonas stutzeri APG2 and Cellulomonas sp
This study aims to propose the role of different members of the bacterial consortium SCP for the degradation of azo dye utilizing glycerol as a co-substrate
A lag phase in decolorization of up to 48 h of incubation was observed, which may be attributed to the delay in growth of a member of the consortium responsible for causing reduction of the chromophore group of the dye and the decolorization of the medium
Summary
A bacterial consortium SCP comprising three bacterial members, viz. Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila APG1, Pseudomonas stutzeri APG2 and Cellulomonas sp. Reactive azo dyes are a class of refractory pollutants containing azo bond/s (−N=N-) linked to the skeleton of substituted or non-substituted aromatic rings [1]. These dye laden effluents predominantly from textile and dyemanufacturing units are discharged in the aquatic ecosystem with consequent deleterious repercussions on the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem [2]. RMs are small organic molecules, e.g., phenazine, cobalamin, riboflavin, quinonederivatives, etc., capable of shuttling electrons in multiple redox reactions. These accelerate the decolorization by decreasing the activation energy of the entire reaction [9]. A neoteric approach involving use of microbial communities with or without redox mediators is gaining attention [10]
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