Genome analysis of the yeast Diutina catenulata, a member of the Debaryomycetaceae/Metschnikowiaceae (CTG-Ser) clade.

Caoimhe E O’Brien,Charley G P Mccarthy,Tadeusz Krassowski,Annie E Walshe,Deirdre A Sumski,Dennis R Shaw,Geraldine Butler,David A Fitzpatrick,Joseph Schacherer

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198957

Caoimhe E O’Brien, Charley G P Mccarthy + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198957

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Abstract

Diutina catenulata (Candida catenulata) is an ascomycetous yeast that has been isolated from humans, animals and environmental sources. The species is a contaminant of dairy products, and has been linked to superficial and invasive infections in both humans and animals. Previous phylogenetic analyses have assigned the species to the Saccharomycetales, but failed to identify its specific clade. Here, we report the genome sequence of an environmental isolate of D. catenulata. Examination of the tRNA repertoire and coding potential of this species shows that it translates the CUG codon as serine and not leucine. In addition, two phylogenetic analyses using 204 ubiquitous gene family alignments and 3,826 single-copy genes both confirm the placement of the species in the Debaryomycetaceae/Metschnikowiaceae, or CTG-Ser clade. The sequenced isolate contains an MTLα idiomorph. However, unlike most MTL loci in related species, poly (A) polymerase (PAP) is not adjacent to MTLα1.

Highlights

Candida catenulata is an ascomycetous yeast, commonly associated with dairy products such as milk [1] and cheese [2,3], including in Ireland [4]
Isolates were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, which, for WY3-10-4, differed by only one base from the D. catenulata type sequence over 385 bases [42]
Their phylogenetic reconstruction failed to support a single origin of the Debaryomycetaceae/Metschnikowiaceae, and the authors were reluctant to place the species within this family

Summary

Introduction

Candida catenulata is an ascomycetous yeast, commonly associated with dairy products such as milk [1] and cheese [2,3], including in Ireland [4]. The species has been isolated from the microbiota of the oral cavity of female canines [5], and from the gastrointestinal tract and the feces of poultry [6], wild birds [6,7,8] and piglets [9]. Its environmental niche is not known, it has been identified in rural dust [10] and in the estuary of the river Tagus [11]. C. catenulata is not usually associated with disease in humans. Rare cases have been described, including in a cancer patient [12] and in vulvovaginal infections [13]. There are suggestions that C. catenulata could be used in bioremediation because of its ability to degrade hydrocarbons [14]

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