Abstract
The chapter starts by sketching out the specific historical parameters in which genocide will be examined, before going on to examine genocide in three distinct frameworks. Firstly, in a legal framework, genocide can be understood as a crime distinct from a broader category of war crimes, and can be isolated from a broader category of political killings. Three specific elements of the legal category of genocide will be examined: the quantitative threshold of genocide, the question of intent, and the more recent incorporation of ethnic cleansing as a form of genocide. The moral and political use of the term will then be explored briefly. Thirdly historical and sociological efforts to define and explain genocide in terms of perpetrators, victims and the relationship between the two will be examined. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the challenge of assessing the prevalence of genocide, even within a strictly bounded period, and touches on recent developments in the response to genocide and other crimes against humanity.
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