Abstract
Mucosal changes in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are characterized by a prominent infiltration of inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, macrophages, T cells and neutrophils. The precise etiology of IBD is unknown but it involves a complex interplay of factors associated with the immune system, environment, host genotype and enteric commensal bacteria. As there is no known safe cure for IBD, natural alternative therapeutic options without side effects are urgently needed. To this end, Soy-based foods, which have been eaten for centuries in Asian countries, have potential benefits, including lowering the incidence of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, type-2 diabetes, allergic response, and autoimmune diseases. This study describes the effect of Soy isoflavons 4', 5, 7 Trihydroxyisoflavone (genistein) on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) induced experimental colitis. The extent and severity of disease was analyzed through body weight, histopathological analysis, cellular immune response, systemic cytokine levels, and inflammation score using a disease activity index. Genistein treatment significantly attenuated DSS-induced colitis severity and resulted in increase in body weight, colon length and reduction in inflammation score. Genistein also skews M1 macrophages towards the M2 phenotype. Further, gen also reduced the systemic cytokine levels as compared to vehicle control. This serves as the first detailed study towards natural soya based product that shows the polarization of M1 towards M2 macrophages, and reduction of systemic cytokine in part to attenuate the colitis symptoms. Thus, our work demonstrates that genistein, a soya compound, may be useful for the treatment of IBD.
Highlights
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are a serious threat to all corners of world
Clinical studies have shown that soy-based foods, which have been eaten for centuries in Asian countries, have potential benefits, including lowering the incidence of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and type-2 diabetes [7,8,9]
We investigated the role of genistein in the protection of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) induced experimental colitis
Summary
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are a serious threat to all corners of world. Genistein protect from experimental colitis been under investigation for more than half a century, the etiology is unknown and more efficient therapies are still needed [2]. Mucosal changes in IBD are characterized by prominent infiltration of various cells including T lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. IBD is maintained by T helper cells/macrophage-driven immune responses, the overall mechanism responsible for IBD is believed to involve a complex interplay between a plethora of inflammatory mediators. To this end, macrophages, which are an essential part of the innate immune system, neutrophils and T cells, have received significant attention in the development of experimental colitis and IBD
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