Abstract
<h3>Gene Transfer Mechanisms</h3> Wouldn't it be useful if we knew how to transfer genetic material into cells at will? Obviously, one a[ill]m of such activity would be to provide a normal gene where one is deficient or lacking. Such an effort implies that the gene to be transferred is known, that there is a mechanism for placing it within the cell, safe from enzymatic attack, and that it can be inserted within the proper site in the genome, displacing a deficient or inoperable gene. While such experiments have not been completed successfully in mammalian cells, recombinant DNA techniques have shown that synthesis of appropriate genetic material is entirely practical. Recently, several methods for transferring genetic material into microorganisms, including deficient ones, have been reported.<sup>1,2</sup>Although the phenomenon of transfer has been known to occur spontaneously in bacteria, the mechanism has been elusive.<sup>1</sup>Now, its genetic character and control
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