Genetics of Clubroot and Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance in Brassica Vegetables: The Application of Marker Assisted Breeding for Disease Resistance.

Hasan Mehraj,Daniel J Shea,Junji Miyazaki,Ryo Fujimoto,Naomi Miyaji,Ayasha Akter,Md Asad-Ud Doullah

doi:10.3390/plants9060726

Abstract

The genus Brassica contains important vegetable crops, which serve as a source of oil seed, condiments, and forages. However, their production is hampered by various diseases such as clubroot and Fusarium wilt, especially in Brassica vegetables. Soil-borne diseases are difficult to manage by traditional methods. Host resistance is an important tool for minimizing disease and many types of resistance (R) genes have been identified. More than 20 major clubroot (CR) disease-related loci have been identified in Brassica vegetables and several CR-resistant genes have been isolated by map-based cloning. Fusarium wilt resistant genes in Brassica vegetables have also been isolated. These isolated R genes encode the toll-interleukin-1 receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rice-repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) protein. DNA markers that are linked with disease resistance allele have been successfully applied to improve disease resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this review, we focused on the recent status of identifying clubroot and Fusarium wilt R genes and the feasibility of using MAS for developing disease resistance cultivars in Brassica vegetables.

Highlights

The genus Brassica belongs to the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) containing 37 different species and has great economic importance [1]
We focus on recent knowledge about R genes of clubroot and Fusarium wilt as several important R genes/quantitative trait loci (QTL) against these pathogens have been identified in Brassica vegetables
Brassica production is hampered by various diseases, especially clubroot and Fusarium wilt

Summary

Introduction

The genus Brassica belongs to the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) containing 37 different species (http://www.theplantlist.org) and has great economic importance [1]. The failure of PTI defense helps to activate an immune response called effector-triggered immunity (ETI), when plants recognize the effectors (Avr proteins) through disease resistance (R) proteins, an ETI is activated [5]. This recognition between R and Avr is termed ‘gene-for-gene resistance’ [9]. We focus on recent knowledge about R genes of clubroot and Fusarium wilt as several important R genes/quantitative trait loci (QTL) against these pathogens have been identified in Brassica vegetables. We will introduce recent information about R genes and the prospect of their possible utilization for Brassica breeding

Infection Process of the Pathogens

CR Loci other Brassica Species

Identification and Molecular Mechanism of Fusarium Wilt Resistance Genes

Findings

Conclusions